Psychopathology Research Flashcards
What did Watson and Rayner (1920) research?
Created a phobia in a 9 month old baby ‘little Albert’. Albert showed no unusual anxiety at the start of the study. When shown a white rat he tried to play with it, experimenters showed Albert the rat and made a loud bang (UCS) creating a UCR of fear. When the rat (NS) and (UCS) produce the fear response so Albert became afraid of the rat so became a learned conditional stimulus (CS) producing a conditioned response (CR).
What did Gilroy (2003) find about the effectiveness of systematic desensitisation (SD)?
Followed up 42 patients who has been treated for arachnophobia in 3 45 minute sessions of SD. Phobia was assessed on several measures including the spider questionnaire and by assessing response to a spider. A control group was treated by relaxation and without exposure. At 3 months and 33 months after the treatment the SD group was less fearful than the relaxation group.
What did Grazioli and Terry (2000) find about the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?
Assessed 65 pregnant women for cognitive vulnerability and depression before and after birth. They found that those women judged to have been high in cognitive vulnerability were more likely to suffer post-natal depression.
What did March et al (2007) find out about the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?
Reviewed research on CBT and concluded there was solid support for all these cognitive vulnerability factors. Critically, these conditions can be seen before depression develops, suggesting that Beck may be right about cognition causing depression.
