Psychopathology L3

Question 1

List the 6 characteristics that individuals should exhibit in order to be classed as ‘normal’ (Deviation from Ideal Mental Health)

Answer 1

1. Positive attitudes to oneself
2. Self-actualisation
3. Autonomy
4. Resistance to stress
5. Accurate perception of reality
6. Environmental mastery

Question 2

Positive attitudes towards oneself definition

Answer 2

Having self-respect, high self-esteem, confidence, and a positive self-concept

Question 3

Self-actualisation definition

Answer 3

Experience personal growth & development. Reach one’s full potential and feel fulfilled

Question 4

Autonomy definition

Answer 4

Being independent , self-reliant, and able to make personal decisions for oneself

Question 5

Resistance to stress definition

Answer 5

Having effective coping strategies and being able to manage everyday anxiety-provoking and stressful situations

Question 6

Accurate perception of reality definition

Answer 6

Perceiving the world in a non-distorted fashion and having an objective and realistic view of the world (not having hallucinations or delusions)

Question 7

Environmental mastery definition

Answer 7

Being competent in all aspects of life & the ability to meet the demands of any situation (having the flexibility to adapt to changing life circumstances)

Question 8

One limitation of deviation from ideal mental health

Answer 8

Many of the criteria, such as self-actualisation are vague and difficult to measure as they are subjective.

For example, you can’t be sure about whether a person has reached their full potential as there is no way to tell.

Question 9

Collectivist culture definition & examples of countries

Answer 9

Collectivist cultures emphasise communal goals and regard autonomy as undesirable

E.g: India & Japan

Question 10

Individualistic culture meaning & examples of countries

Answer 10

They regard autonomy as desirable and focus on individual rights and independence

E.g: USA and Germany