Psychopathology - Anxiety Disorders (Morrison, Ch. 4 - Week 6) Flashcards
What is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat?
Fear
What is the anticipation of future threat?
Anxiety
What is a future-oriented mood state in which one is ready or prepared to attempt to cope with upcoming negative events?
Anxiety
Approximately __% of people will meet the criteria for an anxiety disorder over the course of their lifetime
29%
_________ are the most prevalent of psychiatric diagnosis
Anxiety disorders
_____ can be highly adaptive for managing threatening situations
Anxiety
______ experiences anxiety
Everybody
Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking (e.g., school), despite speaking in other situations
Selective Mutism
The disturbance of ________ interferes with educational or occupational achievement or with social communication. Symptoms for at least one month, and marked by high social anxiety.
Selective Mutism
Selective Mutism is a _______ disorder and uncommon (<1 in 1,000)
childhood (begins 2-4 years old)
Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from persons to whom attached
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Persistent and excessive worry about experiencing an unwanted event (e.g., getting lost, being kidnapped, having accident, sickness) causing separation from major attachment figure
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Persistent reluctance or refusal to go out, away from home, to school, to work, or elsewhere due to fear of separation
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Persistent and excessive fear of or reluctance about being alone or without major attachment figures at home or in other settings
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder last __ weeks in children; __ months in adults
4 weeks in children, 6 months in adults
Separation Anxiety Disorder adult prevalence in US is about ____%.
1-2%
Marked and persistent fear of a specific object or situation (snakes, flying, blood, etc.). Exposure to the phobic stimulus almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response. Phobic situation(s) avoided or endured with intense anxiety or distress. Fear or anxiety out of proportion to the actual danger posed by object or situation
Specific Phobia
Duration of symptoms for a Specific Phobia is: ____.
6 months or more.
What are some kinds of Specified Phobias?
Animal Type (snakes, spiders, dogs)
Natural environment type (storms, heights)
Blood
Injections
Other medical care
Injury
Situational Type (elevators, airplanes)
Other type
What anxiety disorder has treatment of Systematic Desensitization (with deep muscle relaxation), and in vivo exposure?
Specific Phobias
Marked and persistent fear of social or performance situations in which a person exposed to possible scrutiny (having a conversation, being observed drinking, giving speech)
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Individual fears he or she will act in a way that will be humiliating or embarrassing, or lead to rejection, or offend others
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Exposure to the feared social situation almost always provokes fear and anxiety:
* Riding the bus
* Dining out
* Public speaking
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
The social situations are avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety. The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the social situation
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks – abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort, reaches a peak within minutes
Panic Disorder
Which anxiety disorder has 4 of the following:
1. Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate
2. Sweating
3. Trembling or shaking
4. Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering
5. Feeling of choking
6. Chest pain or discomfort
7. Nausea or abdominal distress
8. Feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faint
9. Chills or heat sensations
10. Paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations)
11. Derealization or depersonalization
12. Fear of losing control or going crazy
13. Fear of dying
Panic Disorder
Which anxiety order needs at least 1 of the attacks has been followed by ≥ 1 month of 1 or both of the following:
a) Persistent concern about having additional attacks or its consequences (losing control, having a heart attack)
b) A significant maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks (avoiding exercise or unfamiliar situations)
Panic Disorder
Which anxiety disorder C) does not otherwise due to substance use or general medical condition D) Panic Attacks not better accounted for by another mental disorder
Panic Disorder
Which anxiety disorder experiences anxiety or fear about 2 of the following 5:
1. Using public transportation
2. Being in open spaces
3. Being in enclosed spaces
4. Standing in line or being in a crowd
5. Being outside of the home alone
Agoraphobia
Following anxiety or fear of specific situations, multiple additional criteria for this anxiety disorder include:
B. These situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety
C. These situations are actively avoided
D. Fear or anxiety is disproportionate to the danger
E. Fears and avoids situations because of the thought that escape would be difficult or help not available if the symptom occurs
F. Fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, 6 months or more
Agoraphobia
_________ and _________ often coexist.
Agoraphobia and Panic Disorder
Which anxiety order experiences symptoms of:
A. Excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for 6 months or more, about a number of events or activities.
B. The person finds it difficult to control the worry
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
The anxiety and worry are associated with 3 or more of the following 6 symptoms:
1. Restless of feeling keyed up or on edge
2. Being easily fatigued
3. Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
4. Irritability
5. Muscle tension
6. Sleep disturbance
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning
The disturbance is not due to substance use or a general medical condition
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Most commonly associated substances with _______: marijuana, amphetamines, caffeine
Substance or Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
Examples: hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, seizure disorders, cardiopulmonary conditions
(arrhythmias, tachycardia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Anxiety Disorder due to Another Medical Condition
Repeated panic attacks–brief episodes of intense dread accompanied by a variety of physical and other symptoms, together with worry about having additional attacks and other related mental and behavioral changes.
Panic Disorder
Fear situations or objects
Agoraphobia
Fear of specific situations or objects (animals, storms, heights, blood, airplanes, being closed in, etc.)
Specific Phobia
Patients imagine themselves embarrassed when they speak, write, or eat in public or use a public urinal
Social Anxiety Disorder
A child elects to talk, expect when alone or with select intimates
Selective mutism
Experiencing no episodes of acute pain, and feel tense or anxious much of the time and worry about many different issues
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
The patient becomes anxious when separated from a parent or other attachment figure
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Panic attacks and generalized anxiety symptoms caused by numerous medical conditions
Anxiety disorder due to another medical condition
Bothered by repeated thoughts or behaviors that can appear senseless, even to them
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
A severely traumatic event (combat, natural disaster) is relived over and over
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Timid people are so easily wounded by criticism that they hesitate to become involved with others
Avoidant Personality Disorder
A certain amount of ______ isn’t just normal, but adaptive and perhaps vital for our well-being and normal functioning.
Anxiety
Anxiety is also a ______–one that’s encountered by many, perhaps most, mental disorders
symptom
_________ can sometimes indicate the presence of a substance use problem, another medical condition, or even a different mental disorder altogether.
Anxiety Symptoms
___% of adults have experienced at least one panic attack
30%
In a 12-month period, over __% of Americans will have a panic attack
10%
Some panic attacks are triggered by _______.
specific situations
Patients with specific phobias involving blood, injury or injection are called ______.
Vasovagal Rsponse
A person who is about to face one of these feared activities or objects will immediately begin to feel nervous or panicky. This condition is called ________.
Anticipatory Anxiety
A lifetime occurrence of people experiencing Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is __%.
4-13%
Selective mutism has a prevalence of:
Under 1 in 1,000. Affects boys and girls equally.
Separation Anxiety Disorder (SepAD) is diagnosed in childhood. Perhaps ____ of children with SepAD continue to have symptoms of this disorder well into their adult years.
One-third
Separation Anxiety Disorder (SepAD) prevalence is:
4% of children and 6% for adults
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) prevalence is:
9% of the general adult population
