psychopathology Flashcards
flooding
exposure to phobic stimulus
anxiety subsides and extinction of fear occurs
outline bio approach to explaining treating OCD
behaviour characteristic of person with phobia of wasps
panic - crying
avoidance - not going places where wasps are
endurance - remaining in presence of wasp frozen
emotional characteristic - phobia of wasp
anxiety
fear
drugs for OCD
the aim of these drugs is to increase or decrease neurotransmitters or the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain to decrease anxiety lower bp or heart rate
SSRIs antidepressants - prevents reuptake of serotonin and prolong its activity in synapse to reduce anxiety
TRICYCLICS- block transporter mechanism that reabsorbs both serotonin and noradrenaline
BENZODIAZEPINES- enhance GABA activity and slow down CNS causing relaxation
SNRIS- increase levels of serotonin and not adrenaline and tolerated by those who SSRIS are not effective
statistical infrequency
a persons behaviour would be considered to be abnormal if it was numerically / statistically rare
two characteristics of ocd
cognitive - irrational belief or persistent recurring thoughts
emotional - anxiety
behavioural - performing repetitive action
cognitive approach to explaining depression
depression is result of disturbance in thinking
Becks negative triad childhood negative schemes develop into biases
Ellis ABC model- developed to explain response to negative events how ppl react diff to stress and adversity
BOTH models explain depresión as a consequence of faulty and negative thinking abt events can be managed by challenging faulty thinking
how to avoid investigator effects
discussion of speedster observation by two researches and comparison
blind rating of discussion by someone who is unaware of aim or hypothesis
filming discussion so there is a record and can be checked by peer review
advantages of closed questions
presents ppts with options for response so researcher can collate and display info easily
makes it easier to compare specific responses to questions the researcher wanted answered - can be sure there will be certain information because they restricted options to include that info
adv of open questions
allow respondents to interpret the question as they wish and develop response in detail so lots of info received
allow researchers to peruse line of enquiry that they may not have predicted
obsessions vs compulsions
obsessions are internal components because they are thoughts
compulsions are external components because they are behaviours
BECKS TRIAD
negative views about self
negative views about the future
negative views about the world
one strength of cognitive explanation of depression
based on sound experimental research
have provided effective treatments for depression
acknowledges role of thoughts in behaviour disorders
one drug therapy to treat OCD and limitation
SSRIS acts to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin in the brain enabling the serotonin to remain active in synapse where it continues to stimulate post synaptic neuron
side effects
patient as a passive recipient of treatment
dependency addiction
