Psychomotor Stimulants Flashcards
What are the following neurotransmitters known as? {E, NE, DA, 5-HT}
Biogenic amines
Name the four neurotransmitters stimulated by psychomotor stimulants.
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
Term used for psychomotor stimulants because they stimulate sympathetic synapses and mimic sympathetic arousal.
Sympathomimetic
Name the three synthetic psychomotor stimulants.
- Amphetamine
- Methamphetamine
- Methylphenidate
Name the three naturally occurring substances derived from plant material.
- Ephedrine
- Cocaine
- Cathinone
Process that separates cocaine molecule from HCL.
Freebasing
Cocaine and HCL mixed with sodium bicarbonate.
Crack
True or false: psychomotor stimulants cross the BBB.
True, I.V administration of amphetamine results in brain penetration within seconds.
Smoking cocaine is referred to as _________.
Tooting
Psychomotor stimulants are concentrated in the _______, _______ and _______.
Spleen, kidneys and brain
Amphetamines are excreted in _______ and _______.
Sweat and saliva
The half-life of amphetamine is between ___ and ___ hours.
16-34
True or false: cocaine is excreted much faster than amphetamine
True
The half-life of cathinone is ______.
90 minutes
The half-life of cocaine is ______.
40 minutes
The experience of extreme exhaustion, depression, lethargy and hunger following the cessation of moderate to heavy amphetamine exposure.
Crash
Minor modifications in the amphetamine molecule yields a slightly more potent methamphetamine called _________.
Methadrine
A form of methamphetamine that can be inhaled by smoking.
Hydrochloride
A synthesized compound with similar molecule structure to amphetamine.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Well tolerated FDA approved drug used for the treatment of narcolepsy with only adverse side effects being headache.
Modafinil
True or False: cocaine is a reuptake blocker only.
True, cocaine blocks reuptake
True or False: the 3 fold effect on monoamine synapses cause neurotransmitters to leak from vesicles into synaptic cleft
True
True or false: 3 fold effect increases the amount of neurotransmitter released in response to action potential
False, it DECREASES the amount of neurotransmitter released
Man who used cocaine as a local anesthetic in the eye.
Karl Koller
Treatment of narcotic dependence
Buprenorphine
Immediate extreme allergic reaction to psychomotor stimulant
Anaphylactic shock
These receptors are more enkephalin selective and induce spinal analgesia
Delta receptors
These receptors have a high affinity for dynorphin and may mediate spinal analgesia and sedation
Kappa receptors
