Opioids

Question 0

Most common term for morphine and similar acting drugs

Answer 0

Narcotic

Question 1

True or False: morphine and codeine are some of the oldest psychotropic drugs used by humans.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False: morphine’s actions are agonized by naloxone

Answer 2

False, morphine is ANTAGONIZED by naloxone

Question 3

True or False: there are four main ingredients in opium.

Answer 3

False, there are only TWO main ingredients in opium;

1. MORPHINE
2. CODEINE

Question 4

True or False: heroin is a synthetic opiate.

Answer 4

False, heroin is a SEMISYNTHETIC opiate.

Question 5

Synthetic opiates include: _______, _______ and _______

Answer 5

1. Meperidine
2. Methadone
3. Oxycodone

Question 6

True or False: morphine is rapidly absorbed from the digestive system

Answer 6

False, morphine is NOT readily absorbed by digestive system

Question 7

True or False: heroin is commonly taken orally.

Answer 7

False, heroin is NOT given orally due to poor absorption.

Question 8

After absorption in blood, most opioids are concentrated in the ______, ______ and ______.

Answer 8

Lungs, liver and spleen.

Question 9

True or False: a large percentage of opioids are bound to blood proteins

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or False: most opioids are quick in getting through the BBB.

Answer 10

False, most opiates are SLOW in getting through the BBB because they have poor lipid solubility.

Question 11

True or False: heroin is highly lipid soluble

Answer 11

True, it IS lipid soluble and gets into the brain quickly in high concentrations.

Question 12

True or False: heroin molecule is highly active in the brain

Answer 12

False, heroin is INACTIVE in the brain but it is converted into into metabolites, especially morphine

Question 13

Half-life of heroine

Answer 13

About 8 hours

Question 14

Half-life of morphine

Answer 14

2 hours

Question 15

Half-life of codeine

Answer 15

3-6 hours

Question 16

Half-life of methadone

Answer 16

10-25 hours

Question 17

How much of morphine is excreted in urine unchanged?

Answer 17

10%

Question 18

90% of morphine is eliminated within ___ hours

Answer 18

24

Question 19

Substances naturally found in brain and body with opiate properties

Answer 19

Endogenous opioid peptides

Question 20

Opioid peptide with 5 amino acids

Answer 20

Enkephalins

Question 21

Opioid peptide with 16-30 amino acids

Answer 21

Endorphins

Question 22

Opioid peptides with 17 amino acids

Answer 22

Dynorphins

Question 23

Receptors located in pain modulating brain regions and are morphine and naloxone selective

Answer 23

Mu receptors