Opioids Flashcards
Most common term for morphine and similar acting drugs
Narcotic
True or False: morphine and codeine are some of the oldest psychotropic drugs used by humans.
True
True or False: morphine’s actions are agonized by naloxone
False, morphine is ANTAGONIZED by naloxone
True or False: there are four main ingredients in opium.
False, there are only TWO main ingredients in opium;
- MORPHINE
- CODEINE
True or False: heroin is a synthetic opiate.
False, heroin is a SEMISYNTHETIC opiate.
Synthetic opiates include: _______, _______ and _______
- Meperidine
- Methadone
- Oxycodone
True or False: morphine is rapidly absorbed from the digestive system
False, morphine is NOT readily absorbed by digestive system
True or False: heroin is commonly taken orally.
False, heroin is NOT given orally due to poor absorption.
After absorption in blood, most opioids are concentrated in the ______, ______ and ______.
Lungs, liver and spleen.
True or False: a large percentage of opioids are bound to blood proteins
True
True or False: most opioids are quick in getting through the BBB.
False, most opiates are SLOW in getting through the BBB because they have poor lipid solubility.
True or False: heroin is highly lipid soluble
True, it IS lipid soluble and gets into the brain quickly in high concentrations.
True or False: heroin molecule is highly active in the brain
False, heroin is INACTIVE in the brain but it is converted into into metabolites, especially morphine
Half-life of heroine
About 8 hours
Half-life of morphine
2 hours
Half-life of codeine
3-6 hours
Half-life of methadone
10-25 hours
How much of morphine is excreted in urine unchanged?
10%
90% of morphine is eliminated within ___ hours
24
Substances naturally found in brain and body with opiate properties
Endogenous opioid peptides
Opioid peptide with 5 amino acids
Enkephalins
Opioid peptide with 16-30 amino acids
Endorphins
Opioid peptides with 17 amino acids
Dynorphins
Receptors located in pain modulating brain regions and are morphine and naloxone selective
Mu receptors
