psychology theories

Question 1

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (Ellis)

Answer 1

what we think influence what we feel and do (thinking comes first!)

Question 2

Frontal lobe vs limbic system (REBT)

Answer 2

Frontal lobe more important than limbic system (emotions come second)

Question 3

ABC (REBT)

Answer 3

1. Activating Event
2. Beliefs
   -rational
   -irrational
3. Consequences
   A to C is filtered by B

Question 4

past vs present (REBT)

Answer 4

doesn’t focus on past; current feelings and behaviors are consequences of irrational thoughts

Question 5

Rational vs. Irrational Beliefs

Answer 5

irrational tendency to turn preferences into absolute musts
irrational ex. self/other/world demandingness
rational ex. flexible/acceptance
high frustration/tolerance
anti-awfulizing

Question 6

REBT counseling

Answer 6

• identify faulty beliefs
• Disputing (dispute irrational thought)
• Homework

Question 7

Existentialism (created by your choices)

Answer 7

• EXISTENCE PRECEDES ESSENCE!

- self awareness of our existence differs us from other animals

Question 8

Existence precedes Essence

Answer 8

born first w/o essence (knowledge) then builds essence based on choices we make every day

Question 9

Humans thrown into meaningless random universe

Answer 9

• no external criteria for good and evil
• no transcendent reward or punishment
• **Humanity is the sum total of our choices

Question 10

Human beings are made of our choices (what it takes to be human)

Answer 10

• our choices makes statement in universe
• you are your choices
• no excuses for your behavior

Question 11

Responsibility for our actions (Existentialism) (What happens when we take responsibility for our actions?)

Answer 11

-if people take responsibility for their actions, they almost always end up doing what other people want them to do

Question 12

Self as subject vs. self as object

Answer 12

Existentialism

Question 13

Yalom (Existentialism

Answer 13

• importance of awareness
• courage + authenticity in the face of existential facts
• four central existential concerns

Question 14

4 central existential concerns

Answer 14

• death
• freedom
• isolation
• meaning

Question 15

Freedom (Existentialism)

Answer 15

• responsibility
• victimhood
• choice
• will

Question 16

Isolation (Existentialism)

Answer 16

-we are ultimately alone
-centrality of relationships
-I it (object)
- I thou
(subject)
-needs - free relationship

Question 17

Meaning (Existentialism)

Answer 17

• sense or coherence
• purpose: intention, aim, function
• Self-transcendence: beyond pleasure principle

Question 18

Frankel (Existentialism)

Answer 18

obligated to create meaning

Question 19

*Ilam (Existentialism)

Answer 19

address existential concerns to lead a life w/ less symptoms

Question 20

Saulter (Existentialism)

Answer 20

create meaning out of choices we make

Question 21

Key therapeutic question (existentialism)

Answer 21

What are the good reasons for the client’s negative behaviors?

Question 22

Existential counseling

Answer 22

• understanding phenomological world of client
• Affirmation (understanding good behaviors) ex. why a client drinks
• help client make authentic choices
• movement towards freedom and responsibility
• client has more control over their lives than they thought
• engaged encounter as healing (person to person)

Question 23

Gestalt Therapy

Answer 23

• humans function as a whole

- be yourself and be the person you think you can be

Question 24

Gestalt view on human nature

Answer 24

• equilibrium
• disequilibrium
• awareness of need/sensation
• taking actions

Question 25

sadistic regulation vs. organismic regulation | Gestalt

Answer 25

sadistic: want to quit job and will do it now organismic: want to quit job but wait until find new job first

Question 26

Gestalt key concepts

Answer 26

* find wholeness + integration through the here and now - reintegration of self - behavior is function of a person in an environment

Question 27

Gestalt dreams

Answer 27

- dreams not to be interpreted, but experienced - everything in dream represents diff parts of the dreamer - royal road to integration

Question 28

Gestalt counseling

Answer 28

- awareness of unmet needs * assimilate disowned parts - finish unfinished business * integrate polarities * open complete path of contact w/ environment - I thou relationship - frustrate client to get them to take responsibility + integrate split off parts

Question 29

Feminism therapy

Answer 29

* the personal is political - change situation around person instead of person herself - counselor sees client as subject rather than object - self as object vs. self as subject (can't be both at same time)

Question 30

Feminism counseling

Answer 30

- let clients make own decisions - goes against traditional therapeutic values and procedures - equality - power - political personal oppression - social justice

Question 31

The personal is political (feminism)

Answer 31

- based on egalitarianism | - empowerment and social change as goals