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Psychology Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common type of TBI?

A

Concussion

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2
Q

What does TBI stand for?

A

Traumatic Brain Injury

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3
Q

What can repeated concussions lead to?

A

A CTE, which can lead to dementia or death.

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4
Q

What does CTE stand for?

A

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

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5
Q

What former NFL player suffered from a CTE causing him to commit suicide?

A

Dave Duerson

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6
Q

Who is Dave Duerson?

A

A former NFL player who committed suicide due to the stress of a concussion or CTE

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7
Q

What is the Peripheral Nervous System comprised of?

A

All nerves outside of the Central Nervous System

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8
Q

What are the two types of Peripheral Nervous Systems?

A

The Somatic Nervous System, and the Autonomic Nervous System

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9
Q

What is the Somatic Nervous System responsible for?

A

5 senses:
Communicates sensory information to CNS

Motor messages from CNS to Muscles

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10
Q

What is the Autonomic Nervous System responsible for?

A

Regulates involuntary functions regulated by sympathetic (energy expended) and parasympathetic (energy conserved) nervous systems

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11
Q

What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?

A

A part of the autonomic nervous system that plays a crucial role in preparing the body for stressful or threatening situations, known as the “fight or flight” response.

“Fight or Flight” (Energy Expended)

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12
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?

A

A part of the autonomic nervous system, responsible for the body’s “rest and digest” response, promoting relaxation and conserving energy.

“Rest and Digest” (Energy Conserved)

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13
Q

What is the Endocrine System?

A

The glands located throughout the body that uses Hormones as messengers to transmit information

Hormone Messenger

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14
Q

What do Hormones do?

A

Regulate physical processes and influence behavior and emotions.

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15
Q

What nervous system is responsible for the body’s “Rest and Digest” response?

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

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16
Q

What nervous system is responsible for the body’s “Fight or Flight” response?

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

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17
Q

What Nervous system is made up of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System

A

The Autonomic Nervous System

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18
Q

What Nervous System is made up of the Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems

A

The Peripheral Nervous System

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19
Q

What are the Parts of the Endocrine System?

A

Thyroid Gland,
Hypothalamus,
Adrenal Gland,
Testes,
Ovaries
Pituitary Gland,
Pineal Gland,
Pancreas,

T.H.A.T.O.P.P.P
“That Over-Paying Penny Pincher”

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20
Q

What is the Pituitary Gland responsible for?

A

The “Master Gland of the Body”

Regulates many of the other glands’ functions

: Base of the Brain, No Larger than a Pea

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21
Q

What is the “Master Gland of the Body”?

A

The Pituitary Gland

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22
Q

Which gland in the Endocrine system is located at the “Base of the Brain”?

A

The Pituitary Gland

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23
Q

Which gland regulates many of the other glands functions

A

The Pituitary Gland

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24
Q

What is the Pineal Gland responsible for?

A

Producing Melatonin (Managing Sleep-Wake cycle)

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25
Which gland is known to be no larger than a pea?
The Pituitary Gland
26
Which gland is shaped like a tiny pinecone?
the Pineal Gland
27
Which gland is located in the center of the brain?
the Pineal Gland
28
What is the Hypothalamus responsible for?
Controls the Pituitary Gland Maintains Homeostasis (Temp, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure.) Releases and Produces Hormones (such as oxytocin and etc.)
29
How long does it take for Oxytocin to be released through Hugs or Hand holding?
20 seconds
30
What is the growth hormone called?
Oxytocin
31
What is the Thyroid Gland responsible for?
Controlling Metabolism Rate Controls Growth and Development
32
What gland controls the Pituitary gland?
the Hypothalamus
33
What gland produces and releases hormones such as Oxytocin?
the Hypothalamus
34
What gland controls your metabolism rate?
the Thyroid Gland
35
What gland controls your Growth and Development rate?
the Thyroid Gland
36
What is the Adrenal Gland responsible for?
Producing Adrenaline and causing physical arousal to danger, fear, anger, stress, and other strong emotions.
37
What gland produces Adrenaline?
the Adrenal gland
38
Which gland causes your physical response or arousal to emotions?
the Adrenal Gland
39
What is the Pancreas responsible for?
Digestion, Insulin and Blood Sugar Regulation
40
Which gland is heavily involved in your sense of hunger?
the Pancreas
41
which gland is involved in Digestion of food and drink?
the Pancreas
42
which gland is responsible for regulating your Insulin and Blood Sugar levels
the Pancreas
43
What are the Gonads of the body?
Gonads are the primary sex organs responsible for producing gametes (sperm or eggs) and sex hormones. Testes and Ovaries
44
What is another name for the Testes and Ovaries?
the Gonads
45
What are the Testes responsible for?
Producing Testosterone and regulating sexual development and reproduction
46
What are the Ovaries responsible for?
Producing Estrogen and Progesterone and regulating sexual development and reproduction
47
What is responsible for Producing Testosterone?
the Testes
48
What is responsible for producing Estrogen and Progesterone?
the Ovaries
49
How much does the Human Brain typically weigh?
Roughly 3 pounds
50
What percentage of your body weight does the Human Brain weigh?
2% of your Body Weight
51
How much oxygen does the Human Brain use while at rest?
20% of Oxygen
52
What does the Human Brain use oxygen for?
To break down glucose to supply the body with energy
53
What is the Human Brain's ability to change in response to experience called?
Neuroplasticity
54
What is Neuroplasticity?
The Human Brain's ability to change in response to experience
55
What is the Human Brain's ability to shift functions from damaged to undamaged areas of the brain called?
Functional Plasticity
56
What is Functional Plasticity?
The Human Brain's ability to shift functions from damaged to undamaged areas of the brain
57
What is the Human Brain's ability to change its physical structure in response to learning, active practice, or environmental influences called?
Structural Plasticity
58
What is Structural Plasticity?
The Human Brain's ability to change its physical structure in response to learning, active practice, or environmental influences
59
What is Neurogenesis?
The development of new neurons
60
What is the development of new neurons called?
Neurogenesis
61
What is the Hippocampus?
The part of your brain that's responsible for your memory and learning. This small structure helps you remember, both short- and long-term, and gain awareness from your environment.
62
What part of the brain is effected by Alcohol?
the Cerebellum
63
What side of the brain is associated with being the Analytical side?
the Left Hemisphere
64
What side of the brain is associated with being the Creative side?
the Right Hemisphere
65
What is the Hindbrain made up of?
The Medulla, Cerebellum, and the Pons. C.M.P
66
What connects the Spinal cord with the rest of the brain?
the Hindbrain
67
What is the Medulla responsible for?
Controlling Breathing, Heartbeat, and Vital Life Functions "Vital Life Functions"
68
What part of the Hindbrain is responsible for "Vital Life Functions"
the Medulla
69
What is the Cerebellum responsible for?
Coordinating Movement, Balance, and Posture
70
What part of the Hindbrain is responsible for Coordinating Movement, Balance, and Posture?
the Cerebellum
71
What are the Pons responsible for?
Coordinating the Left and Right side of the body. Motor Control, Alertness, and Attention
72
What is the Largest Brain Region?
the Forebrain
73
What is the Forebrain made up of?
The Corpus Collosum, and the Cerebral Cortex
74
What is the Cerebral Cortex?
Outermost Region divided into two hemispheres and responsible for sohpisticated mental functions
75
What is the Corpus Collosum?
Thick bond of exons connecting the two hemispheres of the Cerebral Cortex. Connects and Links Left and Right Hemispheres for communication
76
What is the Midbrain responsible for?
Visual + Auditory Information
77
What is the Substantia Nigra responsible for?
Produces Dopamine and Involved in Motor Control, preparing the brain regions to initiate organized actions or movements. (Typing, Texting, Washing Dishes, Playing Games)
78
Where is the Substantia Nigra?
the Midbrain
79
What is the Forebrain responsible for?
Center for complex behaviors and mental processes
80
Where is gray and white matter located?
The Cerebral Cortex
81
What are the four regions of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres?
Frontal Temporal Occipital Parietal F.T.O.P.
82
How many regions does each hemisphere of the Cerebral Cortex have?
Four
83
What is the Frontal region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres
Primary Motor Cortex
84
What is the Temporal region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres
Primary Auditory Cortex
85
What is the Occipital region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres
Primary Visual Cortex
86
What is the Parietal region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres
Primary Somatosensory Cortex (Touch, Temp, Feel)
87
What is the Limbic System?
Group of interconnected brain structures that help regulate your emotions and behavior.
88
What is the Limbic System Made up of?
Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Tholomus
89
What region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres is the Primary Motor Cortex
Frontal
90
What region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres is the Primary Visual Cortex
Occipital
91
What region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres is the Primary Auditory Cortex
Temporal
92
What region of the Cerebral Cortex Hemispheres is the Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Parietal
93
What does the Hypothalamus do?
Regulates Hunger, Thirst, Sleep, and Sexual Behavior
94
What does the Hippocampus do?
Forms New Memories
95
What does the Amygdala do?
Manages memory and Processing emotions
96
What does the Tholomus do?
Integrates Sensory Information Body’s Relay Station. Controls Communication Hub
97
What is Broca's Area?
The area involved in the production of speech
98
What is Wernicke's Area?
The area involved in Language Comprehension
99
Who developed the Split-Brain Operation?
Sperry and Colleagues
100
How many neurons are located in the Human Brain?
100 Billion
101
What are the 3 Components of Neurons?
The Cell Body (Soma), Dendrites, and the Axon
102
What is a Synapse?
a Communication point between 2 neurons seperated by a synaptic gap
103
How does a neurotransmitter send messages?
By fitting into an Axon. "Like a key to a lock" if doesnt fit perfectly, communication slows
104
What team did Dave Duerson play for?
The Chicago Bears
105
What university studied Dave Duerson's Autopsy?
Boston University
106
What is Acetylcholine?
A Neurotransmitter involved in Learning, Memory, Muscle Contractions
107
What is Dopamine?
A neurotransmitter involved in Movement, Thought Processes, and the Reward System
108
What is Serotonin?
A neurotransmitter responsible fr Emotional States, Mood Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Perception
109
What is Norepinephrine?
A neruotransmitter involved in Responses to Stress and Danger and Regulation of Sleep
110
What is Glutamate?
Primary Excitatory Neruotransmitter The "Gas" on Neuron Activity
111
What is GABA?
Primary Inhibitory Neruotransmitter The "Brake" on Neuron Activity

Psychology Final (3 decks)

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