Psychology test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology is defined as the study of?

A

Behavior and Mental Processes

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2
Q

What are the primary goals of Psychology?

A

Description, Explanation, Prediction, and Influence

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3
Q

What Research is conducted with specific practical problems?

A

Applied Research

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4
Q

Research that seeks new knowledge and explores new topics of understanding is referred to as?

A

Basic Research

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5
Q

Much knowledge has been gained about sleep through?

A

Laboratory observation

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6
Q

Observing behavior as it unfolds in natural settings is referred to as?

A

Naturalistic Observation

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7
Q

Investigating behavior through controlled experimentation is referred to as?

A

Experimental Method

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8
Q

The research method that finds a degree of relationship between two existing variables is referred to as?

A

Correlational Method

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9
Q

When increases in one variable are matched by increases in another variable this is called?

A

Positive Correlation

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10
Q

The placebo effect occurs when a participant responds according to?

A

His or her expectations

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11
Q

A prediction about the relationship between two or more variables is called a?

A

Hypothesis

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12
Q

in an experiment, when the subjects and the experimenter have no idea whether the subjects are in the control or experimental groups, this is referred to as?

A

Double - Blind

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13
Q

Moira conducted a study to see how different levels of sleep deprivation (the lack of sleep) influenced test performance in college students. She was using the?

A

Experimental Method

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14
Q

Which group of people are used least as participants in psychological research?

A

Females

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15
Q

blank is when a psychological test is consistent in what it measures

A

Reliable

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16
Q

True or False: According to guidelines for ethical research, once participants agree to participate in the research they can NOT quit until the research is complete

A

False

17
Q

Who is considered the founder of psychology?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

18
Q

The branch of psychology that would focus on the thinking processes of young children that experience aggressive tendencies would most likely be?

A

Cognitive

19
Q

Psychoanalytic Psychology/ Psychoanalysis was founded by?

A

Sigmund Freud

20
Q

Who was responsible for the “hierarchy of needs”

A

Abraham Maslow

21
Q

who is famous for his work with dogs, and founded classical conditioning?

A

Ivan Pavlov

22
Q

What is a medical doctor with additional training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders , who can prescribe medications?

A

Psychiatrist

23
Q

(Matching definition) : Analyze basic elements / structure of conscious mental experience. Introspection method of self-observation seen as not objective.

A

Structuralism

24
Q

(Matching definition) : Mental processes help animals adapt to environment.

A

Functionalism

25
Q

(Matching definition) : John B-Watson was the founder. Observable, measurable behavior. Environmental factors determine behavior. Ignores mental processes, thoughts, and feelings.

A

Behaviorism

26
Q

(Matching definition) : Sigmund Freud. Unseen, unconscious mental forces key to understanding human behavior. Psychoanalysis and iceberg anaolgy

A

Psychoanalysis

27
Q

(Matching definition) : Emphasis on sexual and aggressive impulses.

A

Controversy

28
Q

(Matching definition) : Uniqueness, choice, growth, psychological health; innate goodness, free will. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and self-actualization. Carl Rogers person- centered therapy.

A

Humanistic psychology