Psychology test 1 Flashcards
Psychology is defined as the study of?
Behavior and Mental Processes
What are the primary goals of Psychology?
Description, Explanation, Prediction, and Influence
What Research is conducted with specific practical problems?
Applied Research
Research that seeks new knowledge and explores new topics of understanding is referred to as?
Basic Research
Much knowledge has been gained about sleep through?
Laboratory observation
Observing behavior as it unfolds in natural settings is referred to as?
Naturalistic Observation
Investigating behavior through controlled experimentation is referred to as?
Experimental Method
The research method that finds a degree of relationship between two existing variables is referred to as?
Correlational Method
When increases in one variable are matched by increases in another variable this is called?
Positive Correlation
The placebo effect occurs when a participant responds according to?
His or her expectations
A prediction about the relationship between two or more variables is called a?
Hypothesis
in an experiment, when the subjects and the experimenter have no idea whether the subjects are in the control or experimental groups, this is referred to as?
Double - Blind
Moira conducted a study to see how different levels of sleep deprivation (the lack of sleep) influenced test performance in college students. She was using the?
Experimental Method
Which group of people are used least as participants in psychological research?
Females
blank is when a psychological test is consistent in what it measures
Reliable
True or False: According to guidelines for ethical research, once participants agree to participate in the research they can NOT quit until the research is complete
False
Who is considered the founder of psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
The branch of psychology that would focus on the thinking processes of young children that experience aggressive tendencies would most likely be?
Cognitive
Psychoanalytic Psychology/ Psychoanalysis was founded by?
Sigmund Freud
Who was responsible for the “hierarchy of needs”
Abraham Maslow
who is famous for his work with dogs, and founded classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
What is a medical doctor with additional training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders , who can prescribe medications?
Psychiatrist
(Matching definition) : Analyze basic elements / structure of conscious mental experience. Introspection method of self-observation seen as not objective.
Structuralism
(Matching definition) : Mental processes help animals adapt to environment.
Functionalism
(Matching definition) : John B-Watson was the founder. Observable, measurable behavior. Environmental factors determine behavior. Ignores mental processes, thoughts, and feelings.
Behaviorism
(Matching definition) : Sigmund Freud. Unseen, unconscious mental forces key to understanding human behavior. Psychoanalysis and iceberg anaolgy
Psychoanalysis
(Matching definition) : Emphasis on sexual and aggressive impulses.
Controversy
(Matching definition) : Uniqueness, choice, growth, psychological health; innate goodness, free will. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and self-actualization. Carl Rogers person- centered therapy.
Humanistic psychology
