Psych Chapter 5 Flashcards
What is interierence?
Old (proactive) or new (retroactive) information interferes with learning or recall.
What is encoding failure?
Material not put into LTM
define “hippocampus”
Brain area. Involved in processing LTM
Define “estrogen”
Improves working memory
Define “state dependent Memory”
Easier to recall when in same state when learning occurred.
Define “serial position effect”
Recall beginning and ending items in a sequence
Define “eyewitness Testimony”
Hypnosis does not improve testimony accuracy
Define “long term memory (LTM)”
Permanent or relatively permanent memories
Define “recognition”
Memory with retrieval cues
According to the text, blank is not a basic process in memory
Recodina
What is an example of sensory memory
A brief image of the scene you have just look at
What is the primary difference between the concepts of “short term” and “working” memory?
Working memory is an active system, while short term memory is a passive storage system.
Which subsystem of long term memory does not require conscious awareness?
non-declarative memory
a measure of retention that requires one to remember material without the help of retrieval cues is?
Recall
One major problem with eyewitness testimony is that?
False memories can cause eyewitness testimony to be quite inaccurate
true or false: as a rule, people’s memories are more accurate under hypnosis
False
Remembering exactly what you were doing when a dramatic event occurred is known as a?
Flashbulb memory
The ability to retain a visual image several minutes after it has been removed from view is called?
Eidetic imagery
When children learn the alphabet, they often are better at learning and recalling the first few (A,B,C,D) and last few (X,Y,Z) letters of the alphabet before learning the letters in between. This is called the?
Serial position effect
Information at the beginning of a sequence has a tendency of being recalled because there has been time to rehearse it and encode it into long-term memory. This is an example of?
The primary effect
What best explains why drugs such as alcohol and marijuana can interfere with recall if the drugs are taken during learning but not during retrieval?
The state-dependent memory effect
This is the term for the inability to form long-term memories of events occurring after brain surgery or a brain injury, although memories formed before the trauma usually remain intact.
Anterograde amnesia
The most important factor in forgetting appears to be?
Interference
How many cheques early in January do you suppose have the wrong year written on them? Such mistakes happen frequently and the reason for this is?
Proactive interference
To minimize interference, it is best to follow learning with?
Sleep
Being able to recite a number of nursery rhymes from childhood is probably due mainly to?
Overlearning
True or False? : Spacing study over several different sessions generally is more effective than massed practice.
True
If you were to ask yourself “why” while you study, you would be engaging in?
Active learning
What are the two subsystems?
Declarative memory (explicit) 2. non declarative memory (implicit)
Episodic memory contains?
Memory of personal events
Semantic memory is?
For objective facts and information
Declarative memory (explicit)
Episodic memory and semantic memory
Non-declarative memory (implicit)
Motor skills, habits, classically conditioned responses.
Motivated forgetting is?
Protect oneself from painful, frightening, unpleasant memories. (Suppression (conscious), repression (unconscious), amnesia)
