Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PTA > psychology of sport exam 1 > Flashcards

psychology of sport exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Issues in the development of sport and exercise psychology?

A
  • certification of sport psychologists: who should provide certification and the standards for becoming a certified professional.
    -integration of sport psychology in athletic programs and the balance between research and applied work
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three main orientations in sport psychology?

A

Psychophysiological: Focuses on how physiological processes (e.g., brain activity) influence performance./ brain-body connections

Cognitive-behavioral: Emphasizes how thought and behavior affect performance.

Social-psychological: Looks at how social interactions and the environment influence performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychophysiological

A

how physiological processes (e.g., brain activity) influence performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cognitive-behavioral

A

how thought processes and behavior patterns affect performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Social-psychological

A

how social interactions and the environment influence performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What roles do sport psychologists play, and why are these roles important?

A

Teacher: Educating students and athletes on psychological concepts.

Clinical practitioner: Helping athletes with mental health and performance issues.

Researcher: Contributing to the scientific understanding of sport psychology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the different approaches to personality in sport?

A

Trait approach: Focuses on enduring personality characteristics.

Situational approach: Considers the influence of environment and situations on behavior.

Interactional approach: A combination of trait and situational factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trait approach

A

enduring personality characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Situational approach

A

influence of environment and situations on behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interactional approach

A

A combination of trait and situational factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is personality measured in athletes?

A

self-report questionnaires:
-profile of Mood States (POMS)
-test of attentional and interpersonal styles
-trait and state measures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the “mental health profile” suggest about athletes and personalities? (morgan iceberg)

A

successful athletes tend to have higher levels of vigor and lower levels of tension, depression, and fatigue compared to less successful athletes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does reversal theory explain how individuals perceive arousal?

A

the perception of arousal is dependent on an individual’s current mental state. For example, a high level of arousal can be interpreted as excitement in one moment and as anxiety in another, depending on the person’s mindset.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between task orientation and ego orientation?

A

Task orientation: Success is defined by personal improvement and mastery of skills.

Ego orientation: Success is measured by outperforming others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Task orientation

A

Success is defined by personal improvement and mastery of skills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ego orientation

A

Success is measured by outperforming others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are attributions, and how do they vary?

A

Attributions are explanations individuals create for their success or failure. They vary by:

Stability: Is the cause permanent or temporary?

Locus of causality: Is the cause internal (within the person) or external?

Locus of control: Is the cause under one’s control or not?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are attributions

A

Attributions are explanations individuals create for their success or failure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do attributions vary?

A

Stability: Is the cause permanent or temporary?

Locus of causality: Is the cause internal (within the person) or external?

Locus of control: Is the cause under one’s control or not?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stability

A

Is the cause permanent or temporary?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Locus of causality

A

Is the cause internal (within the person) or external?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Locus of control

A

Is the cause under one’s control or not?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does Achievement Goal Theory explain the relationship between goal orientation and motivation?

A

goal orientation (task or ego) plus the environment (motivational climate) influences how motivated you feel.
A supportive environment (task-focused) encourages improvement and intrinsic motivation, while a competitive one (ego-focused) might increase anxiety.

23
Q

What is FLOW, and how does it relate to intrinsic motivation?

A

state of complete immersion in an activity where challenges and skills are balanced.
–intrinsic motivation as it typically occurs when individuals are highly engaged in tasks they enjoy and feel competent at.

24
Q

What is self-efficacy, and how can it be enhanced?

A

an individual’s belief in their ability to succeed in a specific task.
—enhanced through performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences (watching others succeed), verbal persuasion, and controlling physiological states.

25
Q

What are the differences between arousal, stress, and anxiety?

A

Arousal: A general physiological and psychological state of readiness.

Stress: A response to demands that one perceives as challenging or threatening.

Anxiety: A negative emotional state with feelings of worry and nervousness, typically involving cognitive and somatic components.

26
Q

Arousal

A

A general physiological and psychological state of readiness

27
Q

Stress

A

A response to demands that one perceives as challenging or threatening.

28
Q

Anxiety

A

A negative emotional state with feelings of worry and nervousness, typically involving cognitive and somatic components.

29
Q

What is the Inverted-U Theory?

A

Inverted-U Theory suggests that performance improves with increased arousal to an optimal point, after which further arousal causes performance to decline.

30
Q

What is Catastrophe Theory, and how does it differ from the Inverted-U?

A

Catastrophe Theory suggests that beyond a certain threshold, a small increase in arousal can cause a dramatic decline in performance, unlike the gradual decrease in the Inverted-U model.

31
Q

What are the four attentional dimensions?
be bi ne ni

A

Broad-external: Focusing on multiple external cues (e.g., scanning the field).

Broad-internal: Focusing on multiple internal cues (e.g., strategizing).

Narrow-external: Focusing on a single external cue (e.g., aiming at a target).

Narrow-internal: Focusing on a single internal cue (e.g., mental rehearsal).

32
Q

Broad-external:

A

Focusing on multiple external cues (e.g., scanning the field).

33
Q

Broad-internal:

A

Focusing on multiple internal cues (e.g., strategizing).

34
Q

Narrow-external:

A

Focusing on a single external cue (e.g., aiming at a target).

35
Q

Narrow-internal:

A

Focusing on a single internal cue (e.g., mental rehearsal).

36
Q

What are the three basic needs in Self-Determination Theory?
self-determination is intrinsic
CAR

A

Competence: Feeling effective in one’s activities.

Autonomy: Feeling a sense of control and choice.

Relatedness: Feeling connected to others.

37
Q

How do rewards affect intrinsic motivation according to Cognitive Evaluation Theory?

A

undermine intrinsic motivation if they are perceived as controlling but can enhance it if they reinforce competence.

38
Q

What is attribution theory?

A

how individuals interpret causes for their successes and failures, which can impact future motivation and performance.

39
Q

psychological core

A

basic and deepest attitudes, values, interests, motives, and self-worth

40
Q

role-related behavior and why its important

A

how we act in a certain situation
–being able to adjust to certain situations

41
Q

fixed mindset

A

belief that ones abilities are unchangeable
— increases stress (self-imposed)

42
Q

growth mindset

A

belief that qualities are dynamic and cultivated, and be grown and developed.
– decreases stress, improvement is important

43
Q

behavior is determined by

A
  1. intrinsic drives
  2. superego- moral conscience
  3. ego- conscious personality
44
Q

trait approach

A

fundamental units of personality are stable

45
Q

big 5 model: ocean

A

O- openness to experience
C- conscientious
E- Extraversion
A- Agreeable
N- Neuroticism vs. emotional stability

46
Q

situational (environmental) approach

A

environmental influences shape how we behave
—based on social learning

47
Q

motivation

A

inclination to engage in an activity

48
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

behaviors are a means to an end. person is involved for some other reason

49
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

athlete is involved for the enjoyment of an activity

50
Q

IMPORTANT- how arousal hurts performance

A
  1. excessive muscular tension
  2. attentional problems
  3. controlled vs automatic processing
    —–controlled- thinking through skill
    —–automatic- is unconscious
51
Q

reversal theory

A

how anxiety is perceived through performance and appraisal
—paratelic- high arousal perceived as +
—telic- high arousal perceived as -

52
Q
A
53
Q
A
54
Q
A

PTA (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions