Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychology > Psychology - Multi store memory > Flashcards

Psychology - Multi store memory Flashcards

1
Q

What year was Glanzer & Cunitz?

A

1966

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What year was Glanzer & Cunitz?

A

1966

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What studies show support for functional dissociation of LTM and STM

A

Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
Miller study of HM (1966)
Baddeley (1966)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When you can remember words at beginning of list

A

Primary effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When you can remember words at end of list

A

Recency effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Term used to describe recall effects

A

Serial position curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Conditions of Glanzer and Cunitz

A

1) participants asked to recall words immediately after they were presented
2) participants given distractor task - had to count backwards in 3’s from a number for 30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Glanzer and Cunitz method

A

Gave participants a list of words presented one at a time

Tested their recall according to one of two conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of recall Glanzer and Cunitz used

A

Free recall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Condition 1 results - Glanzer and Cunitz

A

Found expected serial position curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Condition 2 results - Glanzer and Cunitz

A

Distractor task disrupted recency effect

Words from that part of list were not recalled well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glanzer and Cunitz’s explanation for their results

A

Distractor task displaced last few words from STM

Words from beginning not affected as they had already been rehearsed and passes to LTM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Methodological issues of Glanzer and Cunitz

A

Lab experiment

Participants asked to recall more than one list in each condition - averaged results to stop unrepresentative results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Factors Glanzer (1972) found affected primary effect

A

Age of participant
Rate of presentation - slower the better
Familiarity of words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What year was the study on HM?

A

1966

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who did the case study on HM?

A

Miller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was wrong with HM?

A

Suffered from severe epilepsy
Had an operation to have parts of temporal lobes and hippocampus removed
Had memory problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HM’s memory problems

A

Could remember from early life
Couldn’t remember anything 10 years before operation
Could remember 6 numbers in order in STM
Couldn’t form new long term memories - read same magazine, couldn’t remember regular psychologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who came up with the multi-store model and when?

A

Atkinson and Shiffrin

1968

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Capacity for STM

A

Limited

7 (+/-2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Capacity of LTM

A

Supposedly unlimited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

STM encoding

A

Acoustic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

LTM encoding

23
Q

STM duration

A

Very limited

24
LTM duration
Up to a lifetime
25
Way of forgetting information in STM
Displacement
27
Way of forgetting information in LTM
Interference
28
What year was the case study for HM?
1966
29
Who coined "7 plus or minus 2"?
Miller 1956
30
What year was Jacob's study?
1887
31
What method did Jacobs come up with?
Digit span technique
32
Digit span technique
Way of measuring STM capacity Participants repeat back strings of digits in order of presentation Increases gradually until can't recall correctly
33
What type of task is the digit span technique?
Serial recall task
34
Miller 1956
Believed we held 7ish chunks of info | Didn't determine how big a chunk was though
35
Research into size of chunks
Simon 1974 Look at different size chunks The larger the chunks, the less chunks could be recalled
36
Peterson and Peterson methodology
Gave participants consonant trigrams Participants were asked to count backwards from a number in 3's for 3,6,9,12,15 or 18 seconds Repeated using different trigrams
37
What year was Peterson and Peterson?
1959
38
Who looked at duration of STM?
Peterson and Peterson
39
Peterson and Peterson results
About 80% recall after 3 seconds | Dropped to about 10% after 18 seconds
40
Peterson and Peterson conclusion
Information decays very rapidly from STM
41
Who to use on a question on LTM duration
Bahrick et al (1975)
42
What did Baherick et al test?
Tested memory of 392 graduates of American high school on their former class mates
43
What types of memory tests did Bahrick et al use?
Recognition of pictures Matching names to pictures Recalling names with no picture cue
44
Baherick et al results
Participants performed well up until 34 years - better performance on recognition then recall Dip in all recall after 47 years - Can't tell if that is to do with time or aging effects in brains of older ppts
45
Who looked at STM encoding and when?
Conrad 1964 | Baddeley 1966
46
Who looked at LTM encoding and when?
Baddeley 1966
47
Conrad methodology
Showed participants random sequence of 6 consonants Either acoustically similar or dissimilar letters Wrote down straight after in correct serial order
48
Conrad results
Was harder to recall similar sounding words | Concluded must have had to convert from visual to acoustic
49
Baddeley 1966 before change | method, results, conclusion
4 conditions Presented random sequence of 5 words from a condition Wrote down immediately in serial order Words that sounded same hardest to remember Agreed STM encodes acoustically
50
Baddeley's conditions
Acoustically similar words Acoustically dissimilar words Semantically similar words Semantically dissimilar words
51
Baddeley 1966 after change | method
``` Same conditions 10 words Prevented rehearsal Presented list 4 times Recall tested after 20 minutes ```
52
Why did Baddeley change his study design?
To test LTM
53
Baddeley 1966 after change | result and conclusion
Acoustically similar words had no affect on recall Words with similar meanings hard to recall Concluded LTM encoded semantically
54
Strengths of multi-store model
Important contribution to memory research, allowing testable models to be constructed Lots of research to support distinction of STM and LTM
55
Weaknesses of multi-store model
Reductionist - doesn't look at different types of things we have to remember: funny, interesting Rehearsal to pass information to LTM isn't most effective Most evidence is from lab work

Psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions