Psychology Final Part 3 (#23)

Question 1

A type of stress experienced whenever the pursuit of some goal is thwarted/blocked, which can often lead to agression

Answer 1

Frustration

Question 2

A type of stress that occurs when two or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses compete for expression

Answer 2

Conflict

Question 3

– Any substantial alterations in one’s living circumstances that require readjustment

Answer 3

Life changes

Question 4

Expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way

Answer 4

Pressure

Question 5

Person is torn between two positive goals to choose from

Answer 5

Approach-Aproach

Question 6

Person is torn between two negative goals to choose from

Answer 6

Avoidance-Avoidance

Question 7

Person has only one goal to consider, but it has both positive and negative aspects.

Answer 7

Approach-Avoidance

Question 8

1.Alarm phase
2.Resistance phase/ex. if your job is being threatened you cut vacation days and work longer days
3.Exhaustion phase/ex. can cause illness or collapsing

Answer 8

Biological Stress Response

Question 9

Active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress

Answer 9

Constructive Coping

Question 10

Passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events

Answer 10

Learned Helplessness

Question 11

Any behavior that is intended to hurt someone, either physically or verbally – Research shows that aggression is often a behavioral response to stressors that involve Frustration.

Answer 11

Aggression

Question 12

The release of emotional tension-crying

Answer 12

Catharsis

Question 13

Stress sometimes leads to reduced impulse control, or self-indulgence.
is Internet addiction.
Excessive gaming
Preoccupation with sexual content
Obsessive socializing (Instagram, Snapchat, FaceBook, TikTok, Twitter, YouTube, etc.)

Answer 13

Sel-Indulgence

Question 14

Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions, such as anxiety and guilt. Self-deception distorts reality so it seems less threatening.

Answer 14

Defense Mechanisms

Question 15

says that a behavior may be considered abnormal if it occurs rarely or infrequently in relation to the behaviors of the general population

Answer 15

Statistical frequency approach

Question 16

behavior is considered abnormal if it deviates or interferes greatly from accepted social standards, values, or norms-perhaps behavior is unusual

Answer 16

Social Deviance

Question 17

a behavior is psychologically damaging or abnormal if it interferes with the individual’s ability to function in one’s personal life or in society

Answer 17

Maladaptive behavior approach

Question 18

Clinician’s have decided that using the criteria from the Maladaptive behavior approach is the

Answer 18

best approach to defining abnormal behaviors

Question 19

Long-lasting depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness, changes in sleep patterns or appetite, loss of motivation

Answer 19

Major Depressive disorder

Question 20

which is a loss of pleasure in pleasant activities that interferes with the ability to function or maintain interest in life.

Answer 20

anhedonia

Question 21

Periods of shifting moods between mania and depression, perhaps with intervening periods of normal moods. Repeated episodes of mania

Answer 21

Bipolar Disorder – (aka manic- depression)

Question 22

unreasonable elation or euphoria, often with hyperactivity or energy, pressured speech, flight of ideas, poor judgement, and inflated mood and sense of self worth) alternating with depression. Lifetime Prevalence is 1%

Answer 22

Mania

Question 23

Drugs used to treat Major Depression influence the neurotransmitter levels of

Answer 23

Norepinephrine and Serotonin

Question 24

Chronic, excessive fear, and worry, not attached to any specific threat

Answer 24

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 25

recurrent episodes of intense anxiety, dizziness, and difficulty breathing, with no apparent cause

Answer 25

Panic disorder

Question 26

fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

Answer 26

specific phobia

Question 27

Fear and avoidance of public places

Answer 27

Agoraphobia

Question 28

Recurrent obessions and/ or compulsions

Answer 28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Question 29

Nightmares, flashbacks, and impaired functioning following exposure to a life-threatening or horrific event

Answer 29

PTSD

Question 30

is a psychotic disorder because it involves a break of contact with reality and may include symptoms such as hallucinations (false perceptions, usually auditory, they often hear voices when there are none) and delusions (fixed, false beliefs; they may believe they are Jesus Christ or that aliens visit them).

Answer 30

Schizophrenia

Question 31

is also associated with Schizophrenia, as characterized by looseness of associations and difficulty communicating clearly with others. A breakdown in the logical structure of thinking and speech, revealed in the loosening of associations, places schizophrenia among Thought disorders. Their thoughts and words appear disorganized.

Answer 31

Thought Disorder

Question 32

overactivity of dopamine neurons may contribute to some forms of schizophrenia

Answer 32

Dopamine Hypothesis

Question 33

Neurotransmitters-biochemical imbalances
Dopamine hypothesis— overactivity of dopamine neurons may contribute to some forms of schizophrenia
Brain abnormalities – Larger cerebral ventricles
Genetics- Many young people who have a genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia should avoid using hallucinogens, namely Marijuana, because use can awaken this disorder.

Answer 33

Biological causes

Question 34

Involves severe disturbances in five areas:

Answer 34

: perception, language, thought, emotion, and behaviors.

Question 35

Psychosocial Factors

Answer 35

Critical and hostile families with communication problems
An abusive family environment
Life Stresses

Question 36

is a broad term referring to clinical psychotherapy that uses techniques derived from behaviorism. Those who practice behavior therapy tend to look at specific, learned behaviors and how the environment influences those behaviors.

Answer 36

Behavior therapy or behavioral psychotherapy

Question 37

A form of training designed to teach clients ways of asserting their independence and authority within organizations or with other people.

Answer 37

Social Skills Training

Question 38

Therapy that treats problem behaviors and mental processes by focusing on faulty thought processes and beliefs – Seeks to alter self-talk (unhealthy or negative self-talk). Recognizing and tracking thoughts, then test these thoughts against reality

Answer 38

Cognitive Therapy

Question 39

Internal dialogue; the things people say to themselves when they interpret events

Answer 39

Self-talk

Question 40

which is a therapeutic technique that can help clients do their own personal investigation into determining if those thoughts are valid or unreal

Answer 40

Realty Testing

Question 41

Combines cognitive therapy (changing faulty thinking) with behavior therapy (changing faulty behaviors)
Attempts to change not only destructive thoughts and beliefs, but the associated behaviors as well

Answer 41

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Question 42

Process in cognitive therapy to change destructive thoughts or inappropriate interpretations
Cognitive therapies are highly effective treatments for depression, anxiety disorders, bulimia nervosa, anger management, addiction, and even some symptoms of schizophrenia and insomnia.

Answer 42

Cognitive Restructuring

Question 43

What is the clinical use of Antidepressant Drugs?

Answer 43

Depression, bulimia, panic disorder
Depression, bulimia, panic disorder,
obsessive-compulsive disorder,
posttraumatic stress disorder. SSRI’s
slow the reuptake process at
serotonin synapses
nicotine dependence

Question 44

What is the side effects of Antidepressant Drugs?

Answer 44

Changes in blood pressure, heart
irregularities,
dry mouth, confusion, skin rash
Dizziness, headache, sleep disturbance,
agitation, anxiety, fatigue
Nausea, constipation, diarrhea,
vomiting, anxiety, insomnia, sweating,
dry mouth, sexual side effects, dizziness,
drowsiness-lowest rate of severe side
effects
Dry mouth, insomnia, headaches,
nausea, constipation, tremors
Nausea, constipation, dry mouth,
drowsiness, insomnia, dizziness, anxiety

Question 45

Manyantidepressantstake between

Answer 45

1 to 3 weeks to start working.

Question 46

and itcantake even longer before the medication delivers maximum efficacy.

Answer 46

Relief is gradual