Psychology Exam 1

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of Affect, Behavior, and Cognition and applies the knowledge to practical problems

Question 2

Psychology is the marriage of what two disciplines?

Answer 2

Philosophy and Physiology

Question 3

Empiricism

Answer 3

knowledge from experience

Question 4

tubla rasca

Answer 4

“Blank Slate” - humans come into the world “blank”. Experiences make us who we are

Question 5

Nativism

Answer 5

the idea that some knowledge is innate

Question 6

Charles Darwin

Answer 6

Theory Evolution: characteristics (even psychological) are passed on for survival & reproduction

Question 7

Dualism

Answer 7

(Rene Decartes) - the mind and body are separate

Question 8

Monism

Answer 8

(Steven Pinker) - The mind and body are one

Question 9

Two problems psychologists face

Answer 9

Nature vs. Nurture and Mind-Body Problem

Question 10

Nature vs. Nurture

Answer 10

the question of whether individuals’ characteristics, behavior, & emotions are a product of genetics or environment

Question 11

Mind-Body Problem

Answer 11

the question of the distinction between mental and physical qualities

Question 12

Wilhem Wundt

Answer 12

founder of psychology

Question 13

Structuralism

Answer 13

approached consciousness as basic elements related to one another (Wilhem Wundt) (neuroscience)

Question 14

Functionalism

Answer 14

focused on the function of consciousness (William James) (evolutionary psych)

Question 15

Psychoanalysis

Answer 15

focuses on the unconscious determinants of behavior (Sigmound Freud) (motivation research)

Question 16

Behaviorism

Answer 16

focuses on observable behavior and their contingencies (therapy)

Question 17

Science

Answer 17

A way of thinking, a set of safeguards against confirmation bias

Question 18

confirmation bias

Answer 18

the tendency to seek out evidence consistent with our hypotheses and dismiss evidence that runs counter to them.

Question 19

Falsification

Answer 19

the deliberate attempt to prove a hypothesis?theory wrong

Question 20

Can Science prove anything true?

Answer 20

No, science can not prove anything true. Science can only prove things false.

Question 21

Key Features of Science

Answer 21

Testable Question, Systemic Empiricism, Publicly Verifiable

Question 22

Testable Question

Answer 22

Your question must be testable

Question 23

Systemic Empiricism

Answer 23

“Structured Observations” - Theory -> Hypothesis -> Test of Hypothesis -> Theory Modification

Question 24

Publicly Verifiable

Answer 24

Peer Review

Question 25

Correlational Research

Answer 25

a design that assess the relationship among, at least, two naturally - occurring variables (positive, negative, no relationship)

Question 26

Cause

Answer 26

a design that includes the manipulation of the variables

Question 27

study

Answer 27

psychological investigation

Question 28

experiment

Answer 28

scientific type of study in which researchers manipulate independent variables

Question 29

types of variables

Answer 29

independent, dependent, extraneous