Psychology Ch.6

Question 1

What is Learning?

Answer 1

Relatively permanent
change in behavior or
mental processes caused
by experience

Question 2

What is Conditioning?

Answer 2

Process of learning
associations between
stimuli and behavioral
responses

Question 3

Is an example of

Answer 3

Learning

Question 4

Being

Question 5

When a dog is conditioned to salivate with a bell which signals food is an example of?

Answer 5

Classical Condition

Question 6

When a dog is given food they salivate but when a person rings a bell the dogs doesn’t salivate at the bell but when they see the food the bell is an example of a?

Answer 6

Neutral Stimulus

Question 7

•An unlearned stimulus that
naturally and automatically
elicits an unconditioned
response (UR) without
previous conditioning. For example the dog experiment.

Answer 7

Unconditioned Stimulus

Question 8

•Unlearned reaction to an
unconditioned stimulus (US)
without previous conditioning. For example the dog salivating at the food.

Answer 8

Unconditioned Response

Question 9

Previously neutral
stimulus (bell) that,
through repeated
pairings with an
unconditioned stimulus
(dog food), now elicits a conditioned response

Answer 9

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Question 10

Learned reaction (salivate) to a
conditioned stimulus (bell ringing)
that occurs because of repeated
pairings with an unconditioned
stimulus (dog food)

Answer 10

Conditioned Response (CR)

Question 11

Spider phobias or an thing anxiety, fear inducing, emotional is a example of?

Answer 11

Classical Conditioning

Question 12

The use of anesthetics and painless dental
techniques leads to the gradual reduction
and elimination of fear of dentistry is an example of?

Answer 12

Extinction

Question 13

Fear of dentistry returns spontaneously a
few months or a few years after extinction is an example of?

Answer 13

Spontaneous recovery

Question 14

A person shows a fear response when
visiting the office of a NEW dentist is an example of?

Answer 14

Stimulus
generalization

Question 15

A person shows a fear response to the sight
of a dentist’s drill but not to equipment
used for cleaning teeth is an example of?

Answer 15

Stimulus
discrimination

Question 16

Voluntary learning through consequences
If student receive answers to the questions only
when they raise their hands before asking them,
hand-raising behavior is strengthened

Answer 16

Operant Conditioning

Question 17

If student receive answers to the questions only
when they raise their hands before asking them,
hand-raising behavior is strengthened is example of?

Answer 17

Positive Reinforcer

Question 18

The annoying sound of a buzzer on an alarm
clock increases the likelihood that we will get
out of bed to turn it off is an example of

Answer 18

Negative Reinforcer

Question 19

Food, water, and sexual stimulation are ?

Answer 19

Primary reinforcer

Question 20

Money, which can be exchanged for food and
clothing, is a?

Answer 20

Secondary reinforcer

Question 21

A boy learns to dress himself when the
parent reinforces him for accomplishing
each small step in the process is an example of?

Answer 21

Shaping

Question 22

A girl stops calling out in class without
first raising her hand when the teacher
fails to respond to her is an example of?

Answer 22

Extinction

Question 23

A girl receives praise each time she puts
her clothes away is an example of?

Answer 23

Schedule of continuous
reinforcement

Question 24

A boy receives praise for putting his
clothes away every third time he does it
(fixed-ratio schedule) is an example of?

Answer 24

Schedule of partial
reinforcement

Question 25

A person arrives at a solution to a
problem after thinking about it from
a different angle.

Answer 25

Insight
learning

Question 26

person learns the words of a song
playing on the radio but doesn’t sing
them until friends at a party begin
singing. Cognitive Maps can be built is an example of?

Answer 26

Latent Learning

Question 27

Through observation, a child learns
to imitate the gestures and habits of
older siblings.

Answer 27

Observational
learning

Question 28

Specify overt behavior you want to change-Ex. Exercise 4 days a week/lose weight/change body/feel fit & strong
2. Gather baseline data-Ex. too tired at night-better energy in mornings-make time to exercise in mornings/weekends
3. Design your Program –Ex. Exercise in mornings earns TV time at night-no exercise earns no TV time and penalty of doing
the missed workout on off day-Reward of choice for every month of committed routines (30 days of exercise routines)
4. Execute Program-Ex. Goal is new habits, weight, and physical abilities/endurance/strength for a lifetime
Is an example of?

Answer 28

Behaviour/Self-modification