Psychology Ch: 10 section 2

Question 1

expectancy

Answer 1

A person’s predictions about the consequences or outcomes of behavior.

Question 2

five-factor model of personality

Answer 2

A trait approach to explaining personality, including dimensions of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism; also known as “the Big Five.”

Question 3

ideal self

Answer 3

The self-concept a person strives for and fervently wishes to achieve.

Question 4

reciprocal determinism

Answer 4

According to Bandura, multidirectional interactions among cognition, behaviors, and the environment.

Question 5

self-concept

Answer 5

The knowledge an individual has about his strengths, abilities, behavior patterns, and temperament.

Question 6

self-efficacy

Answer 6

Beliefs one has regarding how effective he or she will be in reaching a goal.

Question 7

social-cognitive perspective

Answer 7

Suggests that personality results from relationships and other environmental factors (social) and patterns of thinking (cognitive).

Question 8

source traits

Answer 8

Basic underlying or foundational characteristics of personality.

Question 9

surface traits

Answer 9

Easily observable characteristics that derive from source traits.

Question 10

trait theories

Answer 10

Theories that focus on personality dimensions and their influence on behavior; can be used to predict behaviors.

Question 11

traits

Answer 11

The relatively stable properties that describe elements of personality.

Question 12

unconditional positive regard

Answer 12

According to Rogers, the total acceptance or valuing of a person, regardless of behavior.