Psychology Flashcards
What are somatoform disorders?
Group of conditions characterized by physical symptoms that defy medical investigation.
What is somatization disorder?
- Characterized by multiple somatic symptoms that are medically unexplained and are often presented dramatically
- Begins at age <30
- Must have at least 8 unexplained symptoms:
4 pain
2 GI
1 sexual
1 pseudoneurological - Subconcious Disorder
What is undifferentaited somatoform disorder?
1 or more physical symptoms that last >=6 months
What is conversion disorder?
Involves symptoms that suggest a neurological or general medical conditions
- Change or deficit in voluntary motor or sensory function
- Females > Males
- Unconctious Disorder
- Precipitated by acute stressor
- Chronic and fluctuating course
What is hypochondriasis?
- Excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness for >= 6months
- Not delusional
- Not related to appearance
- Subconcious disorder
What is Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
Preoccupied with an imagined defect in appearance
- Not delusional; patient is able to acknowledge concerns are exaggerated
- Social phobia is often concurrent
- Chronic, but fluctuates in severity and intensity
- 20% suicide rate
What is factitious disorder?
Intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms
- No obvious external incentive for behavior
- Thought to be motivated by an unconcious desire to occupy the sick role
- Atypical or grossy exacerbated presentation of illness
What is Factitious disorder by Proxy?
Intentionally inducing or simulating patients on another person in order to get the medical treatment
Example: Munchausen syndrome by proxy where parents induce illness on child for repeated hospitalizations
What is malingering?
Intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms motivated by external incentives
- Concious
- Used to try and evade an unwanted situation
During a psychiatric history what are the uses of questionaires and surveys?
Opportunity for direct patient input
Symptom tracking
Not for diagnostic use!
What is the objective component of the psychiatric H and P?
Mental status exam
(be the tool)
What are the components to the mental status exam?
Appearance
Attitude
Behavior
Mood
Affect
Thought Process
Thought Content
Sensorium
Memory
Calculations
Abstract reasoning
Fund of knowledge
Insight
Intelligence
Judgement
Impulse control
What is assessed as thought content?
Suicidal/Homicidal Ideatons
Preoccupatons
Perceptons
Delusions
Name 4 preoccupations:
Phobias
Obsessions
Compulsions
Hypochondriasis
What’s the difference between an illusion and a hallucination?
An illusion is a misperception of sensory stimuli while a hallucination is perception in the absence of sensory input
What is a delusion?
Fixed false belief
Does not have a basis in reality
Not part of religion or culture
Can not be talked out of belief
May be mood congruent or incongruent
What are the 3 types of memory and how are they assessed?
Long term - facts of life
Recent - days events
Short term - 3 objects immediately/5 min
What are the 5 DSM-!V Axes?
Axis I - Clinical Disorders
Axis II - Personality Disorders, Mental Retardation
Axis III - General Medical Conditions
Axis IV - Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
Axis V - Global Assessment of Functioning
What are the 4-P’s of the bio-psycho-social model?
Predisposing factors
Protective
Precipitating
Perpetuating
What are the two types of mood disorders?
Bipolar disorders
Depressive disorders
What are the 4 types of bipolar disorders?
Bipolar I
Bipolar II
Cyclothalmic disorder
Bipolar disorder - NOS
What proportion of bipolar patients don’t take their medications?
Why?
40-45%
positive aspects of manic states
Living alone
Side effects
Denial/lack of insight
Substance abuse
Personality disorder
What are the types of depressive disorders?
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
Dysthymic disorder
Deprssive disorder - NOS
What’s the difference between bipolar I and bipolar II?
Bipolar I is at least one episode of mania but can be many as long as the patient’s interepisode functioning is normal.
Bipolar II breeds true in families and is characterized by hypomanic eipsodes between manic and depressive poles. Higher comorbidity with other disorders like substance abuse and tend to experience more depressive symptoms.
What is a manic episode?
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week or requiring hospitalization.
What are the 7 symptoms of mania?
inflated self esteem or grandiosity
decreased need for sleep
talkative
Flight of ideas
distractibility
increase in goal-directed activity
excessie involvement in pleasurable activities with a high potential for painful consequences (shopping, sex, investments, gambling)
What are the symptoms of major depression?
“Depression Is Worth Studiously Memorizing Extremely Grueling Criteria. Sorry.”
Depressed Mood
Interest
Weight
Sleep
Motor activity
Energy
Guilt
Concentration
Suicide
SIG E CAPS
Sleep
Interest
Guilt
Energy
Concentration
Appetite
Psychomotor
Suicide
What is cyclothymia?
least severe form of bipolar disorder characterized by swings from hypomania to depression but remains socially and professionally functional
