Lesions

Question 1

Tabes dorsalis destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 1

Caused my tertiary syphalis

Degeneration of dorsal roots and columns

Results in impared proprioception and ataxia

Associated with charcot joints

Pupils reactive to accomidation but not light

Positive rhomberg

Sensory ataxia at night

Question 2

Poliomylitis and Werdnig-Hoffman Disease destroy what causing what symptoms?

Answer 2

LMN lesions only due to destruction of anterior horns

Flaccid paralysis

Question 2

Wallenberg’s Syndrome destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 2

Vertebral Artery or PICA Occulsion (lateral medullary lesion syndrome)

Contralateral body:
Loss of pain, thermal, light touch (ASTT)

Ipsilateral head:
Horner’s syndrome (descending autonomics)
Dysphagia and disphonia (nucleus ambiguous)
Loss of pain, thermal, light touch
Nystagmus and Motion sickness (if vestibular nuclei involved)

Ipsilateral body:
Hypotonia and ataxia

Question 3

Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 3

Destroys upper and lower motor neurons causing degeneration of the lateral corticospinal tract and ventral horns.

Motor neuron deficits and UMN and LMN signs. No cognitive or sensory deficits

Question 4

Vitamin B-12 neuropathy, Vitamin E deficiency, and Freidrich’s ataxia, destroy what causing what symptoms?

Answer 4

Subacute combined degeneration and demyelination of dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal and spinocerebellar tracts.

Ataxic gate, hyperreflexia, impared vibration and position sense

Question 5

Multiple Sclerosis destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 5

White matter lesions of the cervical region, random and asymmetic

Demyelination of posterior columns and spinal thalmic tract.

Nystagmus, tension tremor, and scanning speech

Inflammatory disease

Question 6

Syringomyelia destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 6

Damages anterior white commisure of anterior spinalthalamic tract

bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation usually of C8 through T1

Cape like numbness

Normal above and below

Seen with Arnold-Chiari I and II

Question 8

Brown-Sequard Syndrome destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 8

Hemisection of spinal cord results in:

BELOW LESION:

**ipsilateral**:
 UMN signs (corticospinal tract)
 loss of tactile, vibration, and proception (dorsal horn)

contralateral:
pain and temperature loss (spinothalamic tract)

AT LESION LEVEL:

ipsilateral:
loss of all sensation
LMN signs, flaccid paralysis

Above T1 = Horners

Question 9

Anterior spinal artery occlusion destroys what causing what symptoms?

Answer 9

Spares dorsal columns and zone of lissauer but destoys corticospinal and spinothalamic tracts

Loss of voluntary motor control and pain and temperature sensation

Question 10

Inferior Alternating Hemiplegia

Where is the lesion and what are the symptoms?

Answer 10

Lesion on the pyramid or medial leminiscus to include hypoglossal nerve

Contralateral muscles of the body

Ipsilateral muscles of the tongue