Psychology Flashcards
Classical Conditioning
INVOLUNTARY responses; a natural response is elicited by a conditioned stimulus
i.e. Pavlov’s Dogs
Operant Conditioning
VOLUNTARY responses elicited due to a punishment or a reward system.
Includes reinforcement, punishment, and extinction
Transference
Patient projects feelings of important life figures onto physician (sees them as a parent)
Countertransference
Doctor projects feelings of important life figures onto the patient
Acting Out
Ex: Tantrum
Denial
Avoiding the awareness of a painful reality
Ex: Denying cancer diagnosis
Displacement
Transferring feelings to uninvolved party
ex: Mother yelling at child after being yelled at by husband
Dissociation
Temporary drastic change in personality, memory, consciousness, to avoid emotional stress
Fixation
Partially remaining at a lower level of development
Idealization
Ignoring negative thoughts of others, while expressing the positive ones
Identification
Modeling behavior after another more powerful person.
Ex: Abused child later becomes abuser
Intellectualization
Distancing oneself through logic and facts
Isolation of affect
Separating feelings from ideas and events
ex: describing a murder in detail with no emotional response
Passive Agression
Showing opposition through not meeting expectations
Projection
Attributing an unacceptable internal impulse to an external source
Ex: Man who wants to cheat on his wife accuses her of being unfaithful
Rationalization
Claiming logical reasons for actions performed for other reasons
Regression
Involuntarily returning to less mature state
Reaction Formation
Emphasizing the opposite of a repressed idea or feeling
Ex: Lustful person joins monastery
Repression
Involuntarily blocking memory from consciousness
Splitting
Believing that people are either all good or all bad
Seen in Borderline Personality Disorder
Mature Ego defenses
Mature adults wear a SASH Sublimination Altruism Suppression Humor
