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Psychology 470 > Psychology 470 Exam 2 > Flashcards

Psychology 470 Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Allport: Common traits

A

Traits from cultures, influenced by time and environment

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2
Q

Allport: Cardinal traits

A

One pervasive and powerful trait

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3
Q

Allport: Central traits

A

Outstanding traits regarding behavior

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4
Q

Allport: Secondary traits

A

Inconsistent behaviors (preferences, attitudes, etc)

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5
Q

Allport: Functional autonomy of motives

A

Adult motives are independent of childhood experiences

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6
Q

Allport: Proprium

A

The ego or self

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7
Q

Allport: Individual traits

A

Unique and defines a person’s character

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8
Q

Allport: Two personalities

A

Discontinuous personalities between child and adult

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9
Q

Allport: PERSONALITY

A

“A dynamic organization of psychosocial systems within an individual”, genetics and two personalities

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10
Q

Erikson: Basic strengths

A

Virtues that you can develop in each stage by adapting in a productive way

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11
Q

Erikson: Basic weakness

A

Bad habits we can develop while trying to cope with challenges

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12
Q

Erikson: Maldevelopment

A

When the ego deals with conflict using only one coping mechanism

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13
Q

Erikson: Maladaptive

A

Only positive coping mechanisms are present (leads to neurosis)

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14
Q

Erikson: Malignant

A

Only negative coping mechanisms are present (leads to psychosis)

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15
Q

Erikson: Stage conflicts

A

Hope, Will, Purpose, Competence, Fidelity, Love, Care, Wisdom

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16
Q

Erikson: Stage names

A

Oral-sensory, Muscular-anal, Locomotive-genital, Latency, Adolescence, Young Adulthood, Adulthood, Maturity

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17
Q

Erikson: Hope stage

A

Trust vs mistrust

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18
Q

Erikson: Will stage

A

Autonomy vs doubt/shame

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19
Q

Erikson: Purpose stage

A

Initiative vs guilt

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20
Q

Erikson: Competence stage

A

Industriousness vs inferiority

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21
Q

Erikson: Fidelity stage

A

Identity cohesion vs role confusion

22
Q

Erikson: Love stage

A

Intimacy vs isolation

23
Q

Erikson: Care stage

A

Generativity vs stagnation

24
Q

Erikson: Wisdom stage

A

Ego integrity vs despair

25
Q

Allport: Healthy adult personality

A
  1. Extends sense of self other things
  2. Relates warmly to other people
  3. Accepts oneself, emotional security
  4. Realistic perception, commitment
  5. Humor and personal insight
  6. Unifying personal philosophy
26
Q

Cattell: Factor analysis

A

Correlations between measurements explained by underlying factors

27
Q

Cattell: Common traits

A

Traits that everyone has to an extent (intelligence, etc)

28
Q

Cattell: Unique traits

A

Specific preferences and behaviors of a person

29
Q

Cattell: Ability traits

A

One’s skills and abilities that determine their success in goals

30
Q

Cattell: Temperament traits

A

The emotional tone of our behavior

31
Q

Cattell: Dynamic traits

A

Forces that underlie our motivations and behavior

32
Q

Cattell: Surface traits

A

Source traits and behavioral elements that are less stable over time

33
Q

Cattell: Source traits

A

Single, stable, permanent elements of our behavior

34
Q

Cattell: Constitutional traits

A

Biologically-induced traits (alcohol and drug influences, etc)

35
Q

Cattell: Environmental-mold traits

A

Traits resulting from social and other external influences

36
Q

Who created the 16 Personality Factor?

A

Raymond Cattell

37
Q

Cattell: L data, Q data, T data

A

Life data, questionnaire data, objective data

38
Q

Eysenck: PERSONALITY

A

Extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism - genetic influence, based on twin studies

39
Q

Eysenck: Superfactors

A

Combinations of traits and factors that are stable throughout a lifetime

40
Q

What are the biological differences between extraverts and introverts?

A

Cortical arousal (higher in introverts)

41
Q

Ashton & Lee Hexaco Model

A

Honesty/humility
Emotionality
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Openness to experience

42
Q

Paulhus & Williams Dark Triad: Narcissism

A

Self-obsession, demand for other’s praise

43
Q

Paulhus & Williams Dark Triad: Machiavellianism

A

Need to manipulate others, cunning, deceitful

44
Q

Paulhus & Williams Dark Triad: Psychopathy

A

Insensitive, lack of empathy

45
Q

Who had the lifespan approach (strength, weakness, maldevelopment)?

A

Erik Erikson

46
Q

Who had the genetics approach (proprium, ICCCS, two personality, healthy adult)?

A

Gordon Allport

47
Q

Who had the factors approach (traits, 16 PF, data)?

A

Raymond Cattell

48
Q

Who had the biological approach (three dimensions)?

A

Hans Eysenck

49
Q

Who had the Five Factor OCEAN Model?

A

Costa & McCrae

50
Q

Who had the Dark Triad (narcissism, machiavellianism, psychopathy)?

A

Paulhus & Williams

Psychology 470 (2 decks)

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