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UNDS111 > PSYCHOLOGY > Flashcards

PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

The scientific study of the mind and behavior and involves studying and understanding mental processes, brain functions, and behavior.

A

Psychology

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2
Q

Psychology of studying self is all about either the ______ and ______ representation of one’s identity or subject of experience.

A

Cognitive and affective

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3
Q

A perspective that focuses on the essential elements that make a human perception , consciousness , thinking , emotion and other forms of mental activity.

A

Structuralism (1879)

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4
Q

Structuralism

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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5
Q

He brought stucturalism to America and was Wundt’s student.

A

Edward Titchener

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6
Q

How people carry our behavior and how our mind works. Describes the mind as a functional tool.

A

Functionalism (1890)

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7
Q

Father of American Psychology

A

William James

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8
Q

Father of Psychology

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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9
Q

He was the first to teach his psychology course in the U.S.

A

William James

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10
Q

He introduced the “Principles of Psychology” (1890)

A

William James

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11
Q

also known as phenomenal self, experienced self and self as known.

A

Me-Self

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12
Q

A self that has experienced the phenomena and who had known the situation.

A

Me-Self

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13
Q

Is the self-thought or self-knower.

A

I-Self

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14
Q

It is the empirical self, the one who does the acting.

A

“Me”

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15
Q

The self that is capable of thinking and reflecting.

A

“I”

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16
Q

Understanding the Self can be separated into 3 categories according to William James:

A
  1. Its constituents
  2. The feeling and emotions they arouse (self feeling)
  3. Actions to which they prompt (self-seeking and self-preservation)
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17
Q

Sub-categories of Self

A
  1. Material Self
  2. Social Self
  3. Spiritual Self
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18
Q

Our bodies, clothes, immediate family and home.

A

Material Self

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19
Q

Based on our interactions with the society and reaction of people towards us.

A

Social self

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20
Q

Most intimate, because it is more satisfying for the person that they have the ability to argue and discriminate one’s moral sensibility conscience and indomitable will.

A

Spiritual Self

21
Q

A method of treating mental disorders, shaped by psychoanalytic theory, which emphasizes unconscious mental processes and is sometimes described as “depth psychology”.

A

Psychoanalysis (1900)

22
Q

Austrian neurologist and the founder of “Psychoanalysis”.

A

Sigmund Freud

23
Q

3 Distinct Parts of the Mind

A
  1. ID
  2. Superego
  3. Ego
24
Q

Pleasure principle, primitice and animalistic impulses (sex, food, and comfort).

A

ID

25
Q

Morality principle, center for ethical imperative, reminds the self what is right and wrong.

A

Superego

26
Q

Rationality principle, moderator between the id and superego.

A

Ego

27
Q

Important Division of Mind

A
  1. Conscious
  2. Unconscious
28
Q

Thoughts we are aware of.

A

Conscious

29
Q

Thoughts that we are not aware of.

A

Unconscious

30
Q
  • This theory finds that when fundamental elements that compare our perception of objects are considered together, they produce something more significant and more meaningful than those individual elements alone.
  • Focuses on how people notice the parts of a whole together.
A

Gestalt Psychology (1912)

31
Q

Gestalt Theory is by?

A

Max Wertheimer

32
Q

Behaviorism is by?

A

John B. Watson

33
Q

He suggested that behavior can be understood by observing principles, like the ones studied by Ivan Pavlov.

A

John B. Watson

34
Q

He studied classical conditioning or the relationship between the stimulus and response.

A

Ivan Pavlov

35
Q

Studied the operant conditioning.

A

B.F. Skinner

36
Q

It is an observable behavior and it must be directly seen.

A

Behaviorism (1913)

37
Q

We have the freedom to make individual choices and to shape our own destiny.

A

Humanistic Approach (1960)

38
Q

He was a humanistic psychologist who formulated the “Person-Centered Theory”.

A

Carl Rogers

39
Q

In this theory, everyone is different and’ therefore, everyone’s view of his or her own world, and ability to manage it, should be trusted.

A

Person Centered Theory

40
Q

Rogers believed that a person must be fully honest with themselves to have personal discovery on oneself.

A

Person Centered Theory

41
Q

The self-worth of a person and it is how the person sees self and others see them.

A

Perceived Self

42
Q

Self-image or how the person really is.

A

Real Self

43
Q

How the person would like to be.

A

Ideal Self

44
Q

Behavior is determined by the individual’s mental processes, including knowledge, memory, perceptions, images, and thoughts.

A

Cognitive Approach (the late 1950’s-early 1960s)

45
Q

Cognitive psychologists assert that a _____ is the physical embodiment of a mind that can remember making decisions, planning, setting goals, etc.

A

Brain

46
Q

In this approach, Hormones, genetics, and diseases are thought by many to be the basic biological factors that influence behavior.

A

Bio-psychosocial Approach (1977)

47
Q

Bio-psychosocial Approach is by?

A

Dr. George Engel

48
Q

School of Thoughts

A
  1. Structuralism
  2. Functionalism
  3. Psychoanalysis
  4. Gestalt Psychology
  5. Behaviorism
  6. Humanistic Approach
  7. Cognitive Approach
  8. Bio-psychosocial Approach

UNDS111 (4 decks)

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