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Dual Credit > PSYCHOLOGY > Flashcards

PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

personality

A

person’s typical thoughts, emotional responses, and behaviors that are relatively stable over time and across circumstances

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2
Q

self-concept

A

everything an individual thinks, believes, and feels about him/herself

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3
Q

self-esteem

A

how you feel about your sense of self

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4
Q

Dunning-Kruger effect

A

person’s lack of knowledge and skills in a certain area cause them to overestimate their own competence

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5
Q

narcissts

A

people who have inflated self-esteem

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6
Q

machiavellianism

A

those who manipulate others for their own gain and who lack conventional morality

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7
Q

dark triad

A

combination of psychopathy, narcissism, and machiavellians

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8
Q

personality theory

A

attempts to explain how and why people are similar and different

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9
Q

freuds famous technique of free association…

A

…involved patients spontaneously reporting mental images, thoughts, and feelings as they came to mind

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10
Q

Id

A

animalistic part of the mind that generates our most primal, biologically based impulses such as sex and aggression

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11
Q

Id.

A

pleasure principle, avoid pain, and reduce tension

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12
Q

superego

A

the part of the mind that opposes the Id by enforcing rules, restrictions, and morality

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13
Q

superego.

A

similar to conscience

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14
Q

ego

A

part of the mind that serves as realistic mediator between the Id and the superego

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15
Q

ego.

A

reality principle

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16
Q

denial

A

blocking external events from consciousness because they are too threatening

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17
Q

repression

A

involuntary blocking of an unsettling feeling or memory from conscious thought

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18
Q

freud believes oedipus complex produces…

A

…castration anxiety in little boys and penis envy in little girls

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19
Q

many psychoanalytic difficult to test because…

A

…cannot be operationally defined and objectively measured

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20
Q

neo-freudians revised…

A

…but did not reject freuds notion that unconscious mental processes influences behavior

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21
Q

carl jung

A

believes that personality continues to develop throughout life span

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22
Q

jung

A

1st to describe the basic characteristic of the introvert versus the extravert personality type

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23
Q

karen horney

A

emphasized the importance of human relationships in personality development

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24
Q

according to psychoanalyst karen horney…

A

…males often envy the capacity of women to bear childre=womb envy

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25
Q

humanistic theories of personality

A

help promote the scientific study of creativity and the healthy personality

26
Q

social cognitive theorist

A

tend to believe that people are largely responsible for directing and controlling their own behavior

27
Q

surface traits

A

traits that are easy to infer from observable behaviors

28
Q

fiver-factor model of personality

A

the most widely accepted trait theory today

29
Q

minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)

A

most widely used self-report inventory

30
Q

Rorschach inkblot test

A

asking a patient what he “saw” in the image made by an inkblot on a card

31
Q

when trying to determine abnormality…

A

…clinicians generally place more weight impairment in daily functioning

32
Q

DSM

A

criticized for the all-or-nothing adopts a categorical model of psychopathology

33
Q

anxiety

A

unpleasant emotional state that involves feelings of worry, dread, apprehension, and tension, along with heightened physical arousal

34
Q

anxiety disorder

A

most common category of psychological disorder

35
Q

phobia

A

strong, irrational feat that is triggered by a particular object or situation

36
Q

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

long-lasting anxiety disorder that developed in response to being exposed to a severe and often life-threatening trauma

37
Q

compulsion

A

when a person is driven to perform repetitive behaviors in a particular sequence or pattern

38
Q

studying the brains of people diagnosed with anxiety disorder…

A

…scientist have found the amygdala to be overactive and the prefrontal cortex to be under active

39
Q

major depression

A

“the common cold”

40
Q

bipolar disorder

A

manic depression

41
Q

major depression and bipolar disorder

A

tend to run in families

42
Q

borderline personality disorder

A

adolescent or early adult years

43
Q

schizophrenia

A

a severe psychological disorder in which the persons exhibits bizarre disturbances in thinking, perception, feeling, and behavior

44
Q

most common schizophrenia

A

paranoid type

45
Q

severe abuse or trauma is…

A

…common experience of individuals diagnosed with dissociative disorders

46
Q

caucasian females

A

most likely to seek psychotherapy

47
Q

free association

A

jaden is seeing a psychotherapist. he is asked to say whatever comes to mind without censoring his thoughts.

48
Q

first behavior therapist

A

mary cover jones

49
Q

classical conditioning

A

bell and pad treatment

50
Q

group therapy

A

therapy that is provided by one or more therapists working with several people simultaneously

51
Q

basic premise of family therapy

A

dynamic, interdependent system which each member plays a distinct role

52
Q

drug therapies

A

most common form of biomedical therapy

53
Q

psychotropic medication

A

drugs that alter mental functions, alleviate psychological symptoms, and are used to test psychological disorders

54
Q

1st antipsychotic medication

A

effectively reduced hallucinations, delusions, and other positive symptoms of schizophrenia

55
Q

antipsychotic drugs

A

typically treat psychological disorder, schizophrenia

56
Q

revolving door pattern

A

hospitalization, release, and rehospitalization of schizophrenic patients

57
Q

valium, librium, and other benzodiazepine anti-anxiety medications…

A

…less widely prescribed today then 20 years ago

58
Q

bipolar disorder (manic depression)

A

most commonly treated with medication lithium

59
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

primarily used as treatment for severe depression

60
Q

relationship between therapist and client

A

collaborative

Dual Credit (2 decks)

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