Psychology Flashcards
What are the current approaches to psychology?
psychoanalysis
behaviorist
humanist
cognitivists
Psychoanalysis (approach to psych)
- theory that our personalities are shaped by unconscious motives affected by mental processes
- Founded by Freud
Behaviourist (approach to psych)
- observable behaviour
- controlled laboratory experiments
Humanist (approach to psych)
- proposed the importance of subjective experience and personal growth
Cognitivist (approach to psych)
- Adapting a lab-based scientific approach with application to memory, perception, mental illness, etc
What are the 4 main goals of psychology?
Describe
Explain
Predict
Change
Sensation
process by which our senses (touch, smell, see) receive and relay outside stimuli
Perception
the way our brains organize and interpret that information and put it into context
why did she miss (curler video)
- perception of how much she has to push it, depends on the environments
Prosopagnosia video (face blindness)
- These individuals cannot recognize individuals and it was only discovered within the past 20 years
- Perception disorder
- Can’t recognize family members
- Can’t identify themselves
Dateline video
Nerves caused the women to not perceive the switch of men in this speed dating video
Clever Hans video
- Von Osten wanted to prove that animals were incredibly intelligent
- The horse did not actually look at the question but rather Von Osten (questionnaire). Clever Hans would read the body language and react accordingly to answer the questions.
Little Albert video
doctor conditioned fear in Albert but associating cute objects with loud scary noises
Young Sheldon video (operant conditioning)
- Sheldon would give Penny chocolate when she behaved how he liked
- He would spray them with water when they were not behaving how he’d like
The office video (classical conditioning)
Used a sound of a computer and associated it with Dwight getting a mint
Bobo doll experiment video
- Old theory: Watching violence reduces aggression, it purges us
- New theory: When you see someone acting violently it encourages violence
What is memory?
Memory is the power of the brain to recall past experiences or information
What are the 3 types of memory?
sensory memory
short-term memory
long-term memory
What is sensory memory?
- Sensory memory is our shortest form of memory.
- Sensory memory acts as a buffer for stimuli received through the five senses.
- These images are accurately retained, but only for a brief moment in time, typically less than half a second
What is short-term memory?
- Short-term memories are slightly less passing than sensory memories, but they still get dismissed after a few minutes
- Short-term memory is the part of our brains that holds onto information until we need to recall it
What is long-term memory?
- Long-term memory is the brain’s system for storing, managing, and recalling information
- It is very complex with different functionality
- Long term memory includes anything from an event that happened 5 minutes ago to something from 20 years ago
Where did I put my memory video
- Video giving strategies to improve memory
These strategies include: - memorizing by song
- associate numbers as shapes
- mental snapshots
- regular exercise
- associate thing you need to remember with something extreme or silly
What is the condition called of people who remember every second of their lives?
Highly superior autobiographical memory
Inside the teenage brain video
- Teens get about 7.5 hours of sleep a night but they need 9.25
Problems with lack of sleep: - lack of focus
- worse performance
- affects mood
Pros of changing school day: - more talkative and happy
- more engaged
- better attendance
Cons of changing school day: - Prevents after school activity
- bus schedule and child care changes
