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Psychology 101 Sleep > Psychology 101 sleep > Flashcards

Psychology 101 sleep Flashcards

1
Q

What is consciousness?

A

Awareness of internal and external stimuli

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2
Q

What is Sleep?

A

A state marked by very low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness

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3
Q

What is Wakefulness

A

It is characterized by high levels of sensory awareness thoughts and behaviors

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4
Q

What are Biological rhythm’s ?

A

Are internal rhythms of biological activity “like a woman’s period.”

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5
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

Is a biological rhythm that takes place over a 24 hour period

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6
Q

Homeostasis

A

A tendency to maintain balance or optimal level within a biological system

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7
Q

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus SCN?

A

It is your brain’s clock

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8
Q

What is melatonin?

A

A Hormone naturally produced by your body in the Pineal gland.

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9
Q

What is the Pineal gland?

A

It is an endocrine structure inside the brain that naturally releases Melatonin.

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10
Q

What is a Chronotype?

A

Whether You are a night owl or a early bird. Example You are a night owl so that is your Chronotype.

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11
Q

What is Sleep Regulation

A

The brains control of switching between sleep and wakefulness.

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12
Q

What is Jet lag?

A

Is a collection of symptoms that result from mismatches between internal and circadian rhythm and our environment.

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13
Q

What is a Rotating shift?

A

A work schedule that changes from early to late on a daily or weekly basis.

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14
Q

What is a meta analysis ?

A

A study that combines the result of many recorded studies .

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15
Q

How many hours of sleep should most people get in a night?

A

8

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16
Q

How much time do we spend sleeping during our lifetime?

A

1/3 of our life or 25 years .

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17
Q

What is sleep rebound?

A

Refers to the fact that a sleep deprived person will fall asleep more quickly.

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18
Q

Sleep wake cycles are controlled by what 3 brain areas ?

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pons

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19
Q

The Hypothalamus which contains SCN (The clock of the brain) in additon to other nuclei that in conjunction with the Thalamus regulate what?

A

Slow Wave sleep

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20
Q

The Pons is important for regulating what?

A

REM or rapid Eye movement

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21
Q

The endocrine glands release 3 hormones to promote sleep and growth?

A

Melatonin, Follicle stimulating Hormone FSH, Luteinizing Hormone LH

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22
Q

During sleep the pituitary gland secretes both FSH, and LH which regulates what system

A

Reproductive

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23
Q

What is evolutionary psychology?

A

It is a discipline that studies how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time as a result of natural selection

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24
Q

_____ waves have the highest frequency?

A

Beta

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25
While awake our brain wave activity is dominated by what ?
Beta waves
26
The frequency of brain waves is measured in what?
Hertz
27
Sleep can be divided into what two different general phases ?
REM Rapid eye movement , Non REM Rapid eye movement
28
What is REM or Rapid eye movement?
sleep is characterized by darting movements of the eyes under closed eyelids
29
What is Non Rapid eye movement or NREM?
sleep is subdivided into three stages distinguished from each other and from wakefulness by characteristic patterns of brain waves.
30
The first three stages of sleep are what?
NREM or Non rapid eye movement
31
Stage 1 sleep involves what brain waves?
Alpha, Theta
32
Stage 2 includes what waves?
Theta , and K complexes (sleep spindles )
33
What are sleep spindles ?
is a rapid burst of higher frequency brain waves that may be important for learning and memory
34
What is a K complex?
is a very high amplitude pattern of brain activity that may in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli.
35
Stage three of sleep NREM or Non Rapid eye movement uses what brain waves?
Delta
36
What is Manifest content of a dream ?
It is the actual content, or storyline, of a dream.
37
What is Latent content of a dream ?
It refers to the hidden meaning of a dream.
38
What is collective conscious described by Jung?
It is a theoretical repository of information he believed to be shared by everyone.
39
What are Lucid Dreams ?
They are dreams in which certain aspects of wakefulness are maintained during a dream state. In a lucid dream, a person becomes aware of the fact that they are dreaming, and as such, they can control the dream’s content.
40
Cognitive behavior therapy can treat what?
Insomnia
41
What is Cognitive behavior therapy?
It is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on cognitive processes and problem behaviors.
42
___________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role. Parasomnias can occur in either REM or NREM phases of sleep.
A parasomnia
43
What are some examples of parasomnia?
Restless leg syndrome, Sleepwalking, Night terrors
44
Sleepwalking is also referred to as what?
Somnambulism,
45
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is what?
When the sleeper may be kicking, punching, scratching, yelling, and behaving like an animal that has been frightened or attacked.
46
What is sleep apnea?
It is defined by episodes during which a sleeper’s breathing stops.
47
What is SIDS sudden Infant death syndrome?
It is when an infant stops breathing while sleeping and dies.
48
What is Narcolepsy?
It is when a person cannot resist falling asleep at inopportune times.
49
What is cataplexy?
It is a lack of muscle tone or muscle weakness, and in some cases involves complete paralysis of the voluntary muscles.
50
What is Physical dependence
It involves changes in normal bodily functions—the user will experience withdrawal from the drug upon cessation of use.
51
What is psychological dependence
It has an emotional, rather than physical, need for the drug and may use the drug to relieve psychological distress.
52
What is tolerance ?
It is linked to physiological dependence, and it occurs when a person requires more and more drug to achieve effects previously experienced at lower doses.
53
What is drug withdraw?
It includes a variety of negative symptoms experienced when drug use is discontinued. These symptoms usually are opposite of the effects of the drug.
54
What is a depressant?
It is is a drug that tends to suppress central nervous system activity. Other depressants include barbiturates and benzodiazepines.
55
What are stimulants?
They are drugs that tend to increase overall levels of neural activity. Many of these drugs act as agonists of the dopamine neurotransmitter system.
56
________ activity is often associated with reward and craving;
Dopamine
57
_______________ is a type of amphetamine that can be made from ingredients that are readily available .
Methamphetamine
58
Stimulant users seek a _________
Euphoric high
59
What is a Euphoric High?
They are feelings of intense elation and pleasure, especially in those users who take the drug via intravenous injection or smoking.
60
__________have analgesic properties; that is, they decrease pain.
Opioids
61
Natural Opioids are called what?
Opiates
62
Natural opioids are derived from what?
Opium
63
Opium comes from what kind of plant?
Poppy plant
64
What is a synthetic opioid that is less euphorigenic than heroin and similar drugs.
Methadone
65
_______ is an opioid with relatively low potency.
Codeine
66
______ is one of a class of drugs that results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences
Hallucinogens
67
_______is a state of extreme self-focus and attention in which minimal attention is given to external stimuli.
Hypnosis
68
________is the act of focusing on a single target (such as the breath or a repeated sound) to increase awareness of the moment. While
Meditation
69
________________ uses methadone to treat withdrawal symptoms in opiate users
Methadone clinic
70
Amphetamines are used to treat what disorder ?
Narcolepsy

Psychology 101 Sleep (3 decks)

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