Psychology 101 Chapter 11 Flashcards
What is anal stage?
psychosexual stage in which children experience pleasure in their bowel and bladder movements
What is analytical psychology?
Jung’s theory focusing on the balance of opposing forces within one’s personality and the significance of the collective unconscious
What is archetype?
pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies
What is collective unconscious?
common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next
What is congruence?
state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar
What does conscious mean?
mental activity (thoughts, feelings, and memories) that we can access at any time
What is Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB)?
projective test designed to be culturally relevant to African Americans, using images that relate to African-American culture
What is all of the beliefs, customs, art, and traditions of a particular society
Culture
What is unconscious protective behaviors designed to reduce ego anxiety?
defense mechanism
What is ego defense mechanism in which a person transfers inappropriate urges or behaviors toward a more acceptable or less threatening target?
displacement
What is aspect of personality that represents the self, or the part of one’s personality that is visible to others?
Ego
What is theory that personality is composed of five factors, including openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism?
Five Factor Model
What is psychosexual stage in which the focus is on mature sexual interests
genital stage
Heritability is what?
proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics
aspect of personality that consists of our most primitive drives or urges, including impulses for hunger, thirst, and sex is called what?
Id
Ideal self is what?
person we would like to be
incongruence is what?
state of being in which there is a great discrepancy between our real and ideal selves
school of psychology proposed by Adler that focuses on our drive to compensate for feelings of inferiority is called what?
individual psychology
What is inferiority complex?
refers to a person’s feelings that they lack worth and don’t measure up to others’ or to society’s standards
What is
psychosexual stage in which sexual feelings are dormant called?
latency period
beliefs about the power we have over our lives; an external locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an internal locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes
is called what?
locus control
What is Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?
personality test composed of a series of true/false questions in order to establish a clinical profile of an individual
What is neurosis?
tendency to experience negative emotions
What is psychosexual stage in which an infant’s pleasure is focused on the mouth
called?
oral stage
personality is ?
long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways
psychosexual stage in which the focus is on the genitals is called what?
phallic stage
What is the ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety disguises their unacceptable urges or behaviors by attributing them to other people called ?
projection
personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires is what?
Projective test
What is the psychosexual stages of development
stages of child development in which a child’s pleasure-seeking urges are focused on specific areas of the body called erogenous zones
What is rationalization?
ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety makes excuses to justify behavior
ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety swaps unacceptable urges or behaviors for their opposites is called what?
reaction formation
The person who we actually are is called what?
real self
What is belief that one’s environment can determine behavior, but at the same time, people can influence the environment with both their thoughts and behaviors called ?
reciprocal determinism
What is regression ?
ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral state
What is repression?
ego defense mechanism in which anxiety-related thoughts and memories are kept in the unconscious
projective test that employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person’s unconscious desires, fears, and struggles
is called what?
Rorschach Inkblot Test
projective test that is similar to a word association test in which a person completes sentences in order to reveal their unconscious desires, fears, and struggles
is called what?
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (RISB)
What is selective migration?
concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs
What are our thoughts and feelings about ourselves called ?
self-concept
What is self-efficacy?
someone’s level of confidence in their own abilities
Bandura’s theory of personality that emphasizes both cognition and learning as sources of individual differences in personality is called what?
social-cognitive theory
ego defense mechanism in which unacceptable urges are channeled into more appropriate activities
is called what?
sublimation
What is superego?
aspect of the personality that serves as one’s moral compass, or conscience
What is projective test designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups, especially Hispanic youths, using images and storytelling that relate to minority culture called ?
TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test
What is temperament?
how a person reacts to the world, including their activity level, starting when they are very young
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is what ?
projective test in which people are presented with ambiguous images, and they then make up stories to go with the images in an effort to uncover their unconscious desires, fears, and struggles
characteristic ways of behaving is called what?
traits
mental activity of which we are unaware and unable to access
is called what?
unconscious
