psychological treatments for schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

CBT

A

CBT attempts to change patients thoughts in a constructive way, trying to shift them into a more functional, positive view of the world
- helps to understand positive symptoms
- doesn’t make symptoms go away but they become less scary and more manageable once patient understands they aren’t real

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2
Q

cognitive restructuring

A

patients are helped to think in a more positive, functional way

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3
Q

reality testing

A

patients are encouraged to assess the likelihood of delusions or hallucinations and explore alternative explanations

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4
Q

normalisation

A

psychotic symptoms are placed on a continuum and the client is helped to understand that many people have many unusual experiences under many different conditions - helps to reduce anxiety

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5
Q

jauhar et al

A

reviewed the results of 34 studies of CBT for schizophrenia.
- concluded that CBT has a significant but fairly small effect on both positive and negative symptoms

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6
Q

family therapy

A
  • aim of family therapy is to reduce high levels of expressed emotion in the family and improve general communication
  • can improve family function by increasing everyone’s understanding of the illness
  • can be used to help family members support eachother as well as the patient
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7
Q

phahroah et al

A
  • proposed 7 strategies to improve family functions
    e.g reducing stress in the family and reducing anger and guilt
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8
Q

token economies

A

Systems of secondary reinforcement used to improve the behaviour of patients by systematically rewarding desired behaviour.

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9
Q

example of token economies

A

Tokens can be later exchanged for privileges, e.g. if patient gains tokens for good personal hygiene, these may be exchanged for cigarettes.

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10
Q

evaluation

A
  • evidence for effectiveness
  • treatments improve the quality of life but do not cure
  • ethical issues e.g privileges and services become more available to those will less severe symptoms and less so for those with more severe schizophrenia who can’t comply to desirable behaviour
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