Psychological Treatments Flashcards
1
Q
GAD
A
- CBT
- CBT as effective as meds so consider it first line.
- No evidence for combo.
- If the person doesn’t respond to therapy or meds, can consider switching or combo (as there is limited harm).
2
Q
Panic Disorder
A
- CBT with ERP is first line.
- In the acute phase, can consider combo treatment to help the pt tolerate ERP.
- In the recovery phase, want combo or CBT alone as they are better than meds alone. (CBT = combo > meds alone).
- Can use benzos for agitation/hasten response at the beginning but evidence that it may worsen therapy over time.
3
Q
Social Anxiety Disorder
A
- CBT, online CBT, CBT with ERP is 1st line.
- CBT benefits are more long lasting.
4
Q
Specific Phobia
A
CBT (exposure)
5
Q
OCD
A
- CBT (ERP), online CBT guided, computer-based CBT guided are 1st line.
- CBT with ERP > meds as therapy is more efficacious, safer, and longer lasting.
- ERP > meds and NO evidence that combo (ERP + meds) is better than ERP alone.
6
Q
PTSD
A
- Trauma-focused CBT, EMDR, prolonged exposure, and cognitive processing therapy all have evidence.
- No role for psychological debriefing.
- Meds or therapy can be used, no evidence that one is superior.
- Trauma-focused CBT has evidence in both PTSD and acute stress disorder.
7
Q
BPD
A
DBT, psychodynamic therapy, schema therapy
8
Q
Depression, acute
A
1st line: CBT, IPT, BA
2nd line: MBSCT, CBASP, short-term psychodynamic
9
Q
Depression, maintenance
A
1st line: CBT, mindfulness-based CBT
2nd line: IPT, BA, CBASP
10
Q
Bipolar Disorder, maintenance 1st/2nd line
A
1st line: Psychoeducation (level 2)
2nd line: CBT, family-focused therapy (both level 2)
11
Q
Bipolar Disorder, depression 1st/2nd line
A
No first line
2nd line: CBT, family-focused therapy (level 2)
12
Q
Scz - family intervention
A
- Strong evidence for decreased sx, decreased hospitalization
- Some evidence on improving fxn
13
Q
Scz - employment
A
- Supported employment if interested
- Prevocational training if cannot find employment
- Evidence of financial benefit, benefits for sx, benefit for well-being
14
Q
Scz - CBT for psychosis
A
- Offer to all who have not adequately responded to antipsychotic
- Effective for reducing sx, hospitalizations, and relapses
15
Q
Scz - cognitive remediation
A
- May improve cognitive domains that could translate to improved social and fxnal outcomes
16
Q
Scz - social skills training
A
- Offer to those who are having difficulty or anxiety with social interactions
- Routine use not strongly recommended
- May have some effects on negative sx/social fxn but limited improvement on positive sx
17
Q
Scz - life skills training
A
- Little evidence for effectiveness
- For pts who are having trouble with self-care, practical aspects of life
18
Q
Scz - pt education
A
- Integral part of treatment
- Does not have robust effects on treatment outcome
19
Q
Scz - new interventions
A
- Mindfulness, avatar, ACT, peer support
- Need further studies
20
Q
Substance Use Disorder
A
- Psychotherapy is superior to control for SUD (utility of meds for SUD may be limited unless delivered with psychotherapy; meds can enhance therapy ie lower drop-out rate)
- No particular therapy has been found to be consistently superior
- CBT
- Behavioural therapies (contingency management, community reinforcement, cue exposure and relaxation training, aversion therapy)
- Motivational enhancement therapy
- Group therapy
- Family therapies
- Self-help groups and 12-step oriented approaches
- Brief therapies
- Hypnosis (little evidence for Nic UD)
