Psychological Tradition Flashcards
During the first half of the 19th century, a strong psychosocial approach to mental disorders called ___ became influential.
moral therapy
The term ___ actually referred more to emotional or psychological factors rather than to a code of conduct.
moral
Moral therapy’s basic tenets included treating institutionalized patients as ___ as possible in a setting that encouraged and reinforced ___ interaction.
normally;
normal social
Moral therapy as a system originated with the well-known French psychiatrist ___ and his close associate ___.
Philippe Pinel;
Jean-Baptiste Pussin
When Pinel arrived in 1791, Pussin had already instituted remarkable reforms by ___ and ___.
removing all chains used to restrain patients;
instituting humane and positive psychological interventions
___ also followed Pine’s lead in England with his goal of making psychological interventions more humane.
William Tuke
___ often considered the founder of US psychiatry, introduced moral therapy in his early work at Pennsylvania Hospital.
Benjamin Rush
___ had appeared in the 16th century, but they were more like prisons than hospitals. It was the rise of moral therapy in Europe and the United States that made ___ habitable and even therapeutic.
Asylums;
asylums
Unfortunately, after the ___, humane treatment declined because of a convergence of
factors.
mid-19th century
The humane treatment declined because, first, it was widely recognized that moral therapy worked best when the number of patients in an institution was ___, allowing for a great deal of individual attention, and second is an ___.
200 or fewer;
unlikely source
The great crusader ___ campaigned endlessly for reform in the treatment of insanity.
Dorothea Dix
Dorothea Dix’s work of informing the American public and their leaders of deplorable conditions imposed on patients with insanity became known as the ___.
Mental Hygiene Movement
In addition to improve the standards of care, Dix worked hard to make sure that everyone who ___ received it, including the ___.
Needed care;
homeless
___ suggested to his parents that their problem was caused by an undetectable fluid found in all living organisms called “___” which could become blocked.
Franz Mesmer;
animal magnetism
___ is widely regarded as the Father of Hynosis.
Franz Mesmer
