Psychological problems-how would psychological problems affect you? Flashcards
What is Unipolar depression?
A mood disorder which is seen as a constant disturbance to mood, whereas bipolar disorder involves fluctuations between moods of manic depression (very low mood swings) and mania (very high mood swings).
What is meant by the term ‘addiction’?
A physical or psychological need for a habit-forming substance, such as; drugs, alcohol and sex.
What is the difference between unipolar and bipolar depression?
Unipolar depression is a constant mood disorder, whereas bipolar disorder involves fluctuations between high and low moods.
What is a Major depressive episode (MDE)?
It is defined as a period of at least two weeks of low mood that is present in most situations. Symptoms include low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities and problems with sleep, energy and concentration.
According to the proportion of 15/16-year-olds, which group feels more anxious or depressed- boys or girls?
Girls
What does the term ‘prevalence’ mean?
How widespread or common something is.
The release of which hormone can cause blood clots and a possible heart attack?
Adrenaline
What are monozygotic twins?
they are split form one egg and one sperm after fertilization.
What are Dizygotic twins?
They are from two different eggs and two different sperms.
What is the concordance rate?
The likelihood that, if one twin has a certain trait, the other twin will also have the same trait.
Genes known to be involved in the production of serotonin are located near which chromosome?
Chromosome 11
What is cognitive triad?
It includes three areas where there are negative automatic thoughts.
What are cognitive errors?
Where an individual gives selective attention to the negative side of a situation, always ignoring the positive aspects.
What is meant by the term ‘dysfunctional behavior’?
Abnormal behavior which deviates from what is expected in society.
What are neurotransmitters?
They are chemical messengers within the brain that allow the communication between nerve cells.
What is serotonin?
A neurotransmitter involved in the transmission of nerve impulses.
What is the link between serotonin, noradrenaline and depression?
Low levels of serotonin produce low levels of noradrenaline and low levels of noradrenaline cause depression.
What are antidepressants?
They usually work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, since some of the symptoms of depression come about due to low levels of serotonin.
What is noradrenaline?
A neurotransmitter needed for alertness, energy and attention to life.
What are monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?
They prevent the action of monoamine oxidase so result in higher levels of serotonin and noradrenaline activity leads to reduction in depressive symptoms.
