Psychological Interventions Flashcards
What is phrenology?
Observing/measuring skull shape to determine
personality/mental traits. Assumption that character, thoughts, and emotions are determined by the shape of specific regions of the skull.
What is psychotherapy?
Modern use: “Talking therapies” aimed at alleviating
distress. Most forms of psychotherapy involve verbal
communication between therapist and client, but
some can also include others forms e.g., music, art,
drama, dance.
What is psychoanalysis?
v Conscious thoughts, feelings and behaviours determined by unconscious mental dynamics.
v Psychological distress occurs when unconscious thoughts, feelings, desires, and impulses are blocked from consciousness.
v Symptoms perceived as manifestations of unconscious processes.
v Distress is resolved by bringing these unconscious conflicts into awareness.
v Psychoanalysis aims to bring unconscious material into the conscious mind.
What is free association in psychoanalysis?
client is encouraged to say whatever comes into their mind.
what is transference in psychoanalysis?
The influence of past relationships (e.g., emotional attitudes towards parents) on current relationships (including therapist- client)
What are humanistic/existential therapies?
Focuses on the positive side of human nature.
Psychological distress arises when our natural tendencies
towards individuality and emotional honesty are opposed by oppressive conventions of society
What is person-centred therapy?
Therapist aims to provide a safe and accepting environment, so that the client can voice unacknowledged feelings and desires, in order to foster the client’s capacity to grow.
d: congruence
therapist being genuine/real
What does behaviour therapy teat it’s effectiveness?
Emphasis on measurement and treatment of observable behaviours
Why does the cognitive approach think mental health problems occur?
Mental health problems are a consequence of ‘irrational’ thinking’, unhelpful beliefs, ‘cognitive distortions’ etc. (e.g., panic attack). Often caused by an activating event.
What is meaning making in cognitive therapy?
changing they way clients make sense/interpret experiences.
What is neuropsychiatry?
Looks at how a disordered neurochemical process influences mental health.
Looks to understand and attribute behaviour to the interaction of neurobiology and social psychology factors
