Psychological Influences of Health

Question 1

Define coping.

Answer 1

The conscious strategies used to reduce the unpleasant effects of negative situations.

Question 2

What are examples of healthy coping strategies?

Answer 2

Practising mindfulness.
Exercise.
Sharing your feelings.

Question 3

What are the aspects of self-efficacy?

Answer 3

Self-mastery - success of performance.
Role-modelling - experiences.
Persuasion - pep talks.
Physiological cues - emotional states.

Question 4

How does age affect health perception?

Answer 4

Younger - physical fitness.
Older - functionally able.

Question 5

How does class affect health perception?

Answer 5

Lower - the ability to be productive, to cope, and to take care of others.
Higher - a more multidimensional view.

Question 6

How does gender affect health perception?

Answer 6

Women include a social aspect to health.

Question 7

How does culture affect health perception?

Answer 7

Different perceptions of disease.
Differences are in concordance with treatment.

Question 8

How can health interventions occur at a populational level?

Answer 8

Taxes and laws.
Mass media campaigns.

Question 9

How can health interventions occur at a community level?

Answer 9

Supporting organisations that promote participation in voluntary activities.
Promoting positive social networks.

Question 10

How can health interventions occur at an individual level?

Answer 10

Planning changes in terms of small steps over time.
Recognising how social contexts affect behaviour.
Planning coping strategies to prevent relapse.