Psychological Health Flashcards
What are the (4) dimensions of psychosocial health?
- Spiritual health (being)
- Social health
- Mental/Intellectual health (Thinking)
- Emotional health (Feeling)
What are the characteristics of someone who has good psychosocial health? (4)
1) Cognitive functioning:
- expressing emotions
- coping with stress
- dealing with adversity and/or success
- adapting to changes
2) Spirituality:
- interconnectedness
- mindfullness
- connection to community
- everyday life
3) Culture
4) Emotional intelligence
- self-awareness
- altruism
- personal motivation
- empathy
- the ability to handle relationships and recognize emotions in others
What are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (in order from bottom to top)
1) Physiological Needs
- food, water, shelter, sleep
2) Safety and Security
- safe surroundings
3) Love and Belongingness
- loved, loving, connected
4) Self-esteem
- respect, recognition, status, strength
5) Self-Actualization
- realism, self-acceptance, autonomy, authenticity, capable of intimacy, creativity
What are Erik Erikson’s (8) stages of development?
1) Trust vs Mistrust
- birth - 1 year
2) Autonomy vs Shame and Self-doubt
- 1 - 3 years
3) Initiative vs Guilt
- 3 - 6 years
4) Industry vs Inferiority
- 6 - 12 years of age
5) Identity vs Identity Confusion
- adolescence
6) Intimacy vs Isolation
- Young Adulthood
7) Generativity vs Self-absorption
- Middle Adulthood
8) Integrity vs Despair
- older adulthood
Spiritual wellness is associated to greater coping skills, as well as linked to __________? (4)
- longer life expectancy
- reduced risk of disease
- faster recovery
- improved emotional health
What are the different defence and coping mechanisms? (8) Explain each.
1) Projection
- reacting to unacceptable inner impulses and taking out the frustration on someone or something
2) Repression
- expelling from awareness an unpleasant feeling, idea, or memory
3) Denial
- refusing to acknowledge to yourself what you really know to be true
4) Passive-aggressive behaviour
- expressing hostility toward someone by being covertly uncooperative or passive
5) Displacement
- shifting your feelings about a person to another person
6) Rationalization
- giving a false, acceptable reason when the real reason is unacceptable
7) Substitution
- deliberately replacing a frustrating goal with one that is more attainable
8) Humour
- find something funny in unpleasant situations
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A student who dislikes his roommate feels that the roommate dislikes him”
Projection
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“The child of an alcoholic, neglectful father remembers him as a giving, loving person.”
Repression
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A person believes that smoking cigarettes won’t harm her because she’s young and healthy”
Denial
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A person tells a co-worker, with whom she competes for project assignments, that she’ll help him with a report but never follows through.”
Passive-Aggressiveness
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“a student who is angry with his professor returns home and yells at one of his housemates”
Displacement
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A shy young man decides not attend a party, telling himself he’d be bored”
Rationalization
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A student having a difficult time passing courses in chemistry decides to change his major from biology to economics.”
Substitution
Defense/Coping Mechanism:
“A student whose bicycle has been stolen thinks how surprised the thief will be when he/she discovers the breaks don’t work.”
Humour
What are the various Anxiety Disorders? (6) Explain each.
1) Phobias
- out-of-the-ordinary, irrational, intense, or persistent fears of certain objects or situations.
2) Panic Disorders
- sudden unexpected surges in anxiety
3) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- excessive, uncontrollable, worry about all kinds of things and anxiety in many situations
4) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive, difficult -to-resist actions (compulsions)
5) Behavioural Addictions
- urges to engage in behaviour creates anxiety; engaging in the behaviour relieves the anxiety. (gambling, substance abuse, shopping, etc)
6) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- recurring reminders of a traumatic event that results in psychological distress. (flashbacks, dreams, hallucinations)
