Nutrition Basics Flashcards
What nutrient is responsible for building the body’s main structural components?
protein
- amino acids are building blocks
What is the adequate daily intake of protein for adults?
0.8 grams/kg of body weight
What is the most concentrated source of energy in the body?
fat
What purposes does fat have in the body? (3)
1) energy source
2) body insulation
3) support and cushion organs
What fat is solid at room temperature?
saturated fats
- usually come from animal sources
What fat is liquid at room temperature?
monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids
- usually come from plant sources
What is Hydrogenation?
A mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Which essential nutrient supplies energy to body cells?
carbohydrates
What is soluble fibre?
fibre that dissolves in water or can be broken down by bacteria/enzymes
What is insoluble fibre?
fibre that Dows not dissolve in water and cannot be broken down by bacteria.
What are the functions of Vitamins? (3)
1) help chemical reactions take place
2) critical in the production of red blood cells and the maintenance of the nervous system
3) some vitamins act as antioxidants
What are DRI’s?
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are standards for nutrient intake designed to prevent nutritional deficiencies and reduce the risk of chronic disease.
What are the (5) Guidelines for Healthy Eating?
1) Enjoy a variety of foods
2) Emphasize cereals, breads, grain products, vegetables, and fruit.
3) Choose lower-fat dairy products, leaner meats, and foods prepared with little or no fats.
4) Achieve and maintain a healthy weight by enjoying regular physical activity and healthy eating.
5) limit salt, alcohol, and caffeine.
What is irradiation?
The treatment of foods with gamma rays, x-rays, or high-voltage electrons to kill potentially harmful pathogens.
- reduces spoilage and extends shelf life
_________: a reaction of the body’s immune system to a food or food ingredient, usually a protein.
Food Allergy
