Psychological Explanations - Psychodynamic

Question 1

Psychodynamic explanation suggests

Answer 1

Early experiences couple with innate drives create the adult personality

Question 2

2 main psychodynamic theories

Answer 2

Theory of Maternal deprivation

Tri-part personality - Freud

Question 3

3 features of theory of maternal deprivation

Answer 3

Critical period
Intellectual development
Emotional development

Question 4

Explanation critical period

Answer 4

Am attachmenr must be firmed before the age of 2, if not, affectionless psychopathy

Question 5

Intellectual development explanation

Answer 5

Maternal deprivation would lead to mental retardation eg abnormally low IQ

Question 6

Emotional development description

Answer 6

Maternal deprivation would lead to problems with emotions. Applied to criminals because shows experiencing prolonged separation leads to eco intensive affectionless psychopaths. 1/4 thieves with affectionless psychopathy experiences prolonged separation during critical period

Question 7

Description of tri part personality

Answer 7

Blackburn suggested having over or under development of the superego may lead to offending behaviour

Question 8

3 super egos

Answer 8

Strong, weak, deviant

Question 9

Strong superego

Answer 9

Usually law abiding, feels guilty so needs to be punished through crime that will satisfy guilt

Question 10

Weak super ego

Answer 10

Lack of loving parent figure during childhood, selfish, uncaring, uncontrolled aggression

Question 11

Deviant superego

Answer 11

Oepidus conflict, Is father deviant

Question 12

3 evaluation points of psychodynamic

Answer 12

Wekanwss - Freud’s theory gender bias
Strength - research support
Strength - good application

Question 13

Elaboration weakness - Freud’s theory gender bias

Answer 13

Due to assumption that females develop a weaker superego than makes

• females don’t experience extreme motion relation to castration aciryu
• women more prone to offending behaviour
• though Hoffman found barely any gender differences

Question 14

Elaboration strength - research support

Answer 14

• support for link between offending and super ego
• goreta conducted analysis of offenders and disturbances in superego formation were diagnosed because each offender experienced unconscious feelings of guilt and need for self punishment
• support for over harsh super ego as basis of offending

Question 15

Elaboration strength - good application

Answer 15

• overlook positive contributions that psychodynamic theories have made to criminal psychology
• painted importance of childhood experiences and relationships as an influence on offending
• whist theoretic explanations have fallen out of favour, psychodynamic tradition should be created