Psychological Disorders(Abnormality) Flashcards
fullform of DSM
Diagnostic Statistical Manual
definition of Psychological disorder by DSM
Clinically significant behaviour, associated with distress or disability, not simply a predictable and culturally sanctioned response to a particular event, which is considered to reflect behavioural, psychological or biological dysfunction in the individual.
definition of mental disorder by Wakefield
A mental condition that causes significant distress or disability which is not merely an acceptable response to a particular event and is manifestation of a mental dysfunction
Common Characteristics of Abnormality
Distress
Dysfunction
Deviant
Dangerous
Criteria for Abnormality
Deviation from social norms
Culture
situation and context
age
gender
historical context
Classification of Abnormality
American Psychological Association
World Health Organization
Which classification system is used by India
ICD-10 by WHO
fullform of WHO
World Health Organization
Fullform of ICD
International Classification of Disorders
Current DSM
DSM-IV TR(text revised)
Fullform of APA
American Psychological Association
What is trephening
chipping away of a small part of the skull in the form of a circle so that the evil spirit can escape
classification of mental disorders by Hippocrates
Mania
melancholia
Phrenitis
Classification of mental disorders by Galen and Hippocrates
Blood- Sanguine
Phlegm- Phlegmatic
Yellow Bile- Choleric
Black Bile- Melancholic
_____developed 1st Diagnostic System
Emily Kraepelin
_____ viewed that mental patients should be treated with kindness
Pinel
Factors influencing abnormality
Biological model
Psychological factors
Socio-cultural factor
Diathesis stress Model
Widely accepted model in present day
Diathesis Stress Model
What is Diathesis Stress Model
individuals inherit characteristic traits from multiple genes and they have tendencies to express certain traits and behaviours which may then be activated under conditions of stress
Anxiety according to DSM
unrealistic, irrational fears of disabling intensity as their principle and more obvious manifestations
types of anxiety disorders
-Generalized Anxiety Disorders(GAD)
-Phobia
-Panic Disorders
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder(OCD)
-Post Traumatic Stress Disorders
-Somatoform Disorders
major symptoms of anxiety disorder
moodiness
worry about possible failure
self preoccupation
being unable to control the events
worthlessness
state of tension
insomnia
rapid heartbeat
palpitations
dizziness
nausea
poor appetite
what is GAD also known as
free floating anxiety
major symptoms of GAD
tension about the future
difficulty in controlling worry
restlessness
being easily tired
irritability
muscle tension
sleep disturbance
hyper vigilance
difficulty in concentrating
what is phobia
persistent and irrational fear of specific object or situation that presents little or no danger
types of phobia
specific phobia
social phobia
agoraphobia
nyctophobia
fear of darkness
zoophobia
fear of animals
hydrophobia
fear of water
what is specific phobia
Excessive fear towards particular object or situation
what is social phobia
Irrational fear of one or more specific social situations
what is agoraphobia
fear of entering or visiting public places from which escape might be difficult
what are panic disorders
occurrence of intense fear attacks which are sudden and without warning that may last from few seconds to hours
types of panic disorders
Physical symptom
depersonalization
what are the physical symptoms of panic disorder
Palpitations
tremors
feeling of choking
chest pain
chills
nausea
shortness of breath
What is depersonalization
feeling of being detached from body
fear of dying
fear of losing control
numbness
OCD fullform
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
What is OCD
mental condition where a person has obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviour
What is compulsion
repetitive behaviour or mental act that someone feels like carrying out to try and prevent an obsession coming true
fullform of PTSD
Post Traumatic Stress Disorders
How long should the condition persist for it to be diagnosed as PTSD
6 months
What are the symptoms of PTSD
chronic tension or irritability
inability to tolerate sound
feelings of depression
insomnia
nightmares
avoids social situations or environments where they are exposed to excitable stimuli
What are Somatoform Disorders
psychological problems are manifested in the form of physical symptoms without a medical cause
Types of Somatoform Disorders
Pain disorders
Conversion Disorder
Somatization disorder
Hypochondriasis
What are pain disorders
complain about severe pain in one or more areas of the body due to psychological factors
what is Conversion Disorder
affects one’s sensory or motor functions like paralysis, blindness, etc. usually start after an emotional trauma or stress
What is Somatization Disorder
chronic condition in which a person has physical symptom that involve more than one part of the body but no physical cause can be found
What is Hypochondriasis
person believes that he or she has serious medical disease without any medical basis for it(even with medical assurance)
