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Clinical Psychology > Psychological Assessment > Flashcards

Psychological Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Levels of examiner qualifications

A

A: can be used by non psychologist; B: some training; C: master’s plus one year of supervision by licensed psychologist

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2
Q

Carroll’s Three-Stratum Theory of intelligence

A

Stratum III is g; Stratum II consists of 8 broad abilities; Stratum I consists of specific abilities that are each linked to one of the Stratum II abilities

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3
Q

McGrew’s CHC theory

A

ten broad-stratum level abilities and over 70 narrow-stratum abilities; g is omitted from theory; framework for KABC-II and WJ-III

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4
Q

Guilford’s theory

A

convergent (logical/rational reasoning) and divergent (nonlogical creative thinking) reasoning

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5
Q

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory

A

3 abilities: analytical, creative, and practical; defines “successful intelligence” as the ability to adapt to, modify, and choose environments that accomplish one’s goals and the goals of society

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6
Q

Gardner’s multiple intelligences

A

linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, interpersonal, naturalistic

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7
Q

proportion of intelligence due to genetic factors

A

32-64% (heritability .60 to .80)

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8
Q

heritability of IQ and age

A

impact of genetic factors on IQ increases with age, at least until middle age (impact of environmental factors decreases with age)

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9
Q

confluence model

A

children’s IQ scores decrease from the child that is born first to the child that is born last

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10
Q

Flynn effect

A

increase in IQ scores of around 3 points per decade

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11
Q

aging and intelligence

A

crystallized intelligence increases until about age 60, but fluid intelligence peaks in late adolescence and thereafter declines

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12
Q

longitudinal studies of intelligence

A

processing speed decreases earliest; intelligence does not have significant declines until after age 60

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13
Q

intelligence testing and race

A

Whites outperform African Americans on IQ tests by about one standard deviation

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14
Q

slope bias (test bias)

A

differential validity of a test across different groups–test is more accurate for one group than for another

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15
Q

intercept bias (test bias)

A

occurs when validity coefficients across groups are the same, but one group consistently over- or under predicts performance for one of the groups

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16
Q

advantage of Kaufman tests

A

supposed to be more culture-fair

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17
Q

slosson test advantages

A

can be used with visually impaired individuals

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18
Q

Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence

A

for infants 3-12 months of age; assesses selective attention to novel stimuli

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19
Q

Columbia Mental Maturity Scale

A

does not require verbal or fine motor responses; good for use with children with physical disabilities

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20
Q

Haptic intelligence scale

A

adult intelligence scale for blind individuals

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21
Q

Hiskey-Nebraska test

A

for individuals with hearing impairments; administered in pantomime

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22
Q

Kuhlmann-Anderson Test

A

group test for K-12 children that evaluates school learning ability

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23
Q

Cognitive Abilities Test

A

measures reasoning abilities linked to academic success for K-12 children; group test

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24
Q

Wonderlic Tests

A

12-minute test of cognitive ability for adults used by employers to evaluate individual’s employability

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25
Q

performance-based assessment

A

assessment of skills based on observing and judging actually carrying out an activity; useful for assessing students from culturally and linguistically diverse groups

26
Q

WRAT4

A

brief test of reading, spelling, and math skills for ages 5:0 to 94:11

27
Q

SAT scores and predictive validity

A

SAT writing is best predictor of first year college GPA; best combination of predictors is SAT scores plus high school GPA; SAT scores are related to socioeconomic status and ethnicity

28
Q

purpose and use of aptitude test batteries

A

most often used in educational and vocational counseling of high school and college students and in selection and placement programs provided by state employment agencies and the armed services

29
Q

aptitude test batteries and differential validity

A

most batteries have low differential validity; scores on one subtest are highly correlated with grades in a variety of courses

30
Q

Differential Aptitude Tests

A

five subtests that assess specific job-related abilities and three subtests that assess general intellectual abilities; designed for use with students in 7-12 grades

31
Q

General Aptitude Test Battery

A

assesses nine aptitudes; tests are highly speeded and not appropriate for slow workers; developed by US employment service to assess people for job counseling and placement

32
Q

interest inventories predictive validity

A

good predictors of occupational choice, satisfaction, and persistence; less valid at predicting academic and occupational success; best when combined with measures of self-confidence, self-efficacy, and personality

33
Q

Strong Interest Inventory

A

appropriate for ages 15+; includes general occupational themes, basic interest scales, occupational scales, personal styles scales, and administrative indices

34
Q

Kuder Tests

A

includes college major scales, vocational interest estimates, and dependability scales

35
Q

Self-Directed Search

A

matches preferences with job characteristics in six areas (RIASEC); realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional

36
Q

congruence (Self-Directed Scale)

A

degree of consistency between the examinee’s expressed interests and their summary code

37
Q

coherence (Self-Directed Scale)

A

degree to which the examinee’s expressed interests below to the same RIASEC categories

38
Q

consistency (Self-Directed Scale)

A

similarity of the examinee’s two strongest measured interests

39
Q

differentiation (Self-Directed Scale)

A

degree of distinctiveness of the examinee’s measured interests

40
Q

commonness (Self-Directed Scale)

A

frequency with which the examinee’s summary code occurred in different normative groups

41
Q

MMPI L (lie) scale

A

high score indicates tendency to present self in favorable light or lack of insight; associated with poor response to therapy

42
Q

MMPI F (frequency) scale

A

suggests attempt to “fake bad” or significant pathology; low score may indicate attempt to “fake good” or absence of pathology

43
Q

MMPI K (correction) scale

A

high score indicates high degree of defensiveness or denial, desire to “fake good” or responding “false” to many items; high score is associated with poor treatment prognosis

44
Q

MMPI F Back (Fb) scale

A

used to identify an attempt to “fake bad” on the last 197 items of the test

45
Q

MMPI VRIN scale

A

variable response inconsistency; indicates inconsistency of responding when too high

46
Q

MMPI TRIN scale

A

indicates inconsistency in responding if too high; true response inconsistency

47
Q

MMPI Fp scale

A

infrequency-pathology; indicates attempt to “fake bad”; items uncommonly endorsed even by psychiatric patients

48
Q

MMPI validity pattern that suggests “faking good”

A

V-shaped pattern; elevated L and K with low score on F

49
Q

MMPI validity pattern that suggests “faking bad”

A

elevated F scale score, high F-K index; also L and K around 50 and F scale slightly elevated

50
Q

MMPI validity pattern that suggests random responding

A

very elevated F score and high scores on most or all of the clinical scales

51
Q

MMPI validity pattern that suggests all “true” answers

A

L and K below 50, with F and clinical scale scores on the right side of the profile (6-9) very elevated; when answers all case, scale 1-5 are elevated

52
Q

Edwards Personal Preference Schedule

A

personality test that includes paired items to rank-order different basic needs (there are 15)

53
Q

Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire

A

Cattell; created on the basis of factor analysis; profiles can be compared with specific groups (e.g., delinquents, neurotics, workers in various occupations)

54
Q

NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO-PI-3)

A

assesses Big Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience); originally derived from athoeoretical analysis of words in dictionary

55
Q

Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator

A

based on work of Carl Jung; describes personality in terms of four bipolar dimensions: introversion-extraversion, sensing-intuition, thinking-feeling, judging-perceiving

56
Q

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III

A

used to assist in diagnosing Axis I and II disorders

57
Q

Rorschach

A

Exner scoring system is most supported; some facets appear to predict psychosis and intelligence test scores

58
Q

Thematic Apperception Test

A

based on Henry Murray’s theory of needs; not thought to be useful for fine diagnostic distinctions, but may be useful for gross ones (e.g., psychosis versus neurosis)

59
Q

Halstead-Reitan battery

A

used to assess brain damage; has total score from 0-1, with 0-.2=normal, .3-.4=mild impairment, .5-.7=moderate impairment, .8-1=severe impairment

60
Q

Larry P. vs. Riles

A

court case that stated that IQ tests are culturally bound and outlawed using them to place black students in special ed classes

Clinical Psychology (4 decks)

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