Psychodynamic Theory

Question 1

3 levels of the iceberg model topographic model

Answer 1

Top/surface level - conscious
(Super ego/ego)

Middle - preconscious (can be brought to consciousness)
(Superego)

Bottom/deep - unconscious
(Id)

Question 2

3 domains of personality

Answer 2

Id
Ego
Superego

Question 3

Id - when is it developed and what principle does it operate?

Answer 3

Present at birth
Immature irrational impulsive
Operates on pleasure principle

Question 4

Ego - when is it developed and what principle does it operate?

Answer 4

Develops rapidly during childhood
Mediates demands of Id and superego
Operates on reality principle

Question 5

Superego - when is it developed and what principle does it operate?

Answer 5

Operates in later development
The conscience
Operates on the morality principle

Question 6

What are the 2 drives of the id?

Answer 6

Eros - libido and sex

Thanos - aggression

Question 7

3 reasons Why defense mechanisms exist?

Answer 7

Reality anxiety - when one experiences threats from the environment

Morality anxiety - threatened punishment from superego through guilt and shame

Neurotic anxiety - subject to ids unacceptable impulses

Question 8

Defense mechanisms

Answer 8

Denial - refuse to acknowledge
Sublimation - socially constructive ways
repression - prevent painful knowledge from entering consciouss
Rationalisation - use socially acceptable reasons
Intellectualisation -

Question 9

Psychosexual stages

Answer 9

Oral - 0-18 months
Anal - 18-36 months
Phallic - 3 - 6 . years
Latency - 
Genital - Puberty onewards

Question 10

2 Oral personality types

Answer 10

Oral optimist - sucking behaviour
social, dependant, cheerful

Oral Pessimist - Biting behaviour, aggression, envy

Question 11

2 Anal types

Answer 11

Anally retentive - disciplined, organised, frugal, stable

Anally repulsive - risk taking, creative, explorative

Question 12

Psychoanalytical therapies

Answer 12

Free association
Dream interpretation
Rosarsch Inblot - projective tests

Question 13

Neo-freudians - Adler - and what he is known for?

Answer 13

Superiority and inferiority complex

Question 14

Neo Freudian - Jung - what he is known for?

Answer 14

Personal unconscious (individual psychic characteristics) and 
collective unconscious (all man-kind)
- precursor to Myer-briggs 

Extraversion-introversion
Sensing - intuitive
Thinking - Feeling
Judging - Perceiving

Question 15

Neo Freudian - Karen Horney - what she is known for?

Answer 15

Womb - envy -

Dispute sexist characteristics of Freud’s theory

Question 16

Neo Freudian - Erikson - what he is known for?

Answer 16

Ego psychology

Psychosocial stages of development

Question 17

Neo Freudian - Kohut - what he is known for?

Answer 17

Self-psychology
Empathetic attunement -
recognition of empathy in therapy.

2 needs that guide personality:
Mirroring - to be admired
Idealising - to admire

Object relations theory:
internalised images form -
basis of later relationships
Formed the basis of attachment theory