Humanistic Theory Flashcards
Carl Rogers -
Key elements
Free-will / control The here and now Self-actualisation Personal growth Unconditional positive regard
How does Rogers explain individual differences?
Individual differences is explained in the extend we each seek control and responsibility
Rogers definition of a healthy person
Open to experiences
Acknowledges life and emotions
Seeks meaning and challenges
What are the conditions of worth?
the conditions of which a person is deemed worthy of positive regard
How does Rogers explain abnormality
incongruence between actual and ideal self.
we respond with defense mechanisms (rationalism and denial)
the more defence mechanisms we use, the more dysfunctional we become.
Abraham Maslow key elements
Self-actualisation
Hierarchy of needs
Motivation
What are the 6 levels of the hierarchy?
Physiological Safety Belongingness Esteem Aesthetic and cognitive Self-actualisation
What is self-actualisation
The development of full-potential
Complete fulfilment
What are ‘Peak Experiences?’
moments of intense ‘self-actualisation’. Based on the concept of ‘flow’.
According to Maslow, how do abnormalities come to be?
discrepancies between the needs within the hierarchy.
What is the Q-Sort
Measures congruencies between actual self and ideal self.
Use common descriptors and organise them into least to most characteristic.
Limitations to humanistic approach?
Cannot test free will?
Key concepts untestable?
Difficult to apply to other cultures - i.e. individualistic and collectivist cultures and the interpretation of self.
Romantic and naive -
