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Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Who developed the psychodynamic approach?

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

The approach believes the mind is the what for all behaviour?

A

Driving force

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3
Q

What experiences does that approach believe are responsible for who we are as adults?

A

Childhood experiences

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4
Q

Accessing the _______ ____ is the only way to resolve issues

A

Unconscious mind

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5
Q

The importance of _______ with _______ ______ is stressed by the approach

A

1 relationships

2 family members

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6
Q

What does the unconscious hold

A

Most of our mind

Our biological desires 
Instincts 
Behaviours 
Personality 
Repressed memories 
Drives
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7
Q

If behaviour is caused by the unconscious this means….

A

Behaviour can’t be controlled as it is caused by unconscious factors

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8
Q

What is the tripartite personality made up of??

A

id
Ego
Superego

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9
Q

Is the id conscious or unconscious

A

Unconscious

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10
Q

Is the ego conscious or unconscious

A

Conscious

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11
Q

Is the superego conscious or unconscious

A

Unconscious

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12
Q

What can the id also be called?

A

The pleasure principle

It demands gratification regardless on circumstances

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13
Q

What can the ego also be called

A

Reality principle

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14
Q

What can the superego also be called

A

The morality principle

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15
Q

When is the id formed

A

At birth

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16
Q

What does the id focus on?

A

The self

It is selfish and demanding

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17
Q

What does the ego stand for?

A

It is the rational part of the mind the mediator between the id and superego

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18
Q

When is the ego formed

A

At the age of 2

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19
Q

What does the ego mediate between

A

The impulsiveness of the id and the reality of the world

Aims to reduce conflict or the I’d and superego

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20
Q

What are defence mechanisms?

A

There to prevent us from being overwhelmed by threats and traumas

21
Q

What does defence mechanisms involve?

A

Pushing away reality

22
Q

What is denial

A

Refusing to acknowledge reality

23
Q

What is repression

A

Forcing a memory out of the conscious mind into the unconscious

24
Q

What is displacement

A

Transferring feelings from the real source of distressing emotion onto a new target

25
Q

How to remember the psychosexual stages

A 
Old 
Age 
Pensioners 
Love 
Guinness
26
Q

What are the psychosexual stages

A 
Oral 
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
27
Q

What age does the oral stage happen

A

0 to 1

28
Q

What age does the anal stage happen

A

1 to 3

29
Q

What age does the phallic stage happen

A

3 to 5

30
Q

What age does the latency stage happen

A

6 to 12

31
Q

What age does the genital stage happen

A

12

32
Q

What is fixation?

A

When a child gets stuck at a stage due to under/over gratification

This will impact the behaviour as an adult

33
Q

If an individual gets fixated on the oral stage what could it manifest into?

A

Drinking
Smoking
Biting nails
Sarcasm

34
Q

What is the focus of pleasure and desire in the oral stage

A

Pleasure- moms mouth

Desire- moms breast

35
Q

If an individual gets fixated on the anal stage what could this lead to?

A

OCD
perfectionism
Anal retentive personality type

36
Q

What does a child learn in the anal stage??

A

Focus is on the anus

Child learns to control their bladder and bowel

37
Q

What does a child realise in the phallic stage

A

Gender differences between male and female

38
Q

What developed in the phallic stage

A

Unconscious sexual desires for opposite sex parent

Oedipus and Electra complex

39
Q

What are the stages of the Oedipus complex

A

Boy desires mom and wants to have sex

Boy sees father as rival and wants to kill him

Fears father will find out and castrate him

Boy resolves this by identifying with father

Superego develops and boy stops desiring mom and desires other women instead

40
Q

What are the stages of the Electra complex

A

Girl desires father

Develops penis envy and wants to kill mom for removing it

Girl sees mom as rival

Girl identifies with mom in fear that she will find out

Superego develops and replaces desire with father with desire for baby

41
Q

Strengths of psychodynamic approach

A

Approach interactionist (considers both sides of nature nurture debate)

Not reductionist (doesn’t reduce behaviour down to specific parts, takes into consideration the full person)

Practical application
Brought a new type of therapy psychoanalysis

42
Q

Weaknesses of psychodynamic approach

A

Deterministic
Believes thoughts/behaviour is predetermined by nature meaning they’re preprogrammed to behave in certain ways

Doesn’t advocate scientific methods only uses on case study and concepts like Oedipus, Electra id and superego can’t be tested as they’re unconscious

43
Q

What case study shows the Oedipus complex

A

Little hans case study

44
Q

How would we develop a 16 mark question for this approach

A

AO1- what does approach involve?
Explain the id ego superego (tripartite personality)
The psychosexual stages
Who approach was developed by
The unconscious being driving force for behaviour
Childhood experiences make us who we are as adults

AO3 strengths and weaknesses
Not scientific parts like Oedipus and Electra are untestable
Deterministic believes behaviour is predetermined

Not reductionist

45
Q

When is the superego formed

A

3 to 5 years old

46
Q

What does the superego operate on?

A

Highest standard morals, being the best person you could possibly be

47
Q

What can the superego do to the ego

A

Punish it, causing feelings of guilt

48
Q

The superego is….

A

Entirely selfless

Psychology (4 decks)

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