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Approaches - Psychology Paper 2 > Psychodynamic approach > Flashcards

Psychodynamic approach Flashcards

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1
Q

The mind is like…

A

an iceberg

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2
Q

conscious mind

A

The part we are aware of

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3
Q

What is most of our mind made up of?

A

The unconscious mind

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4
Q

Unconscious mind

A

Contains biological drives and instincts which influence our behaviour and personality

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5
Q

What does the unconscious mind contain?

A

Threatening/ disturbing memories which have been suppressed

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6
Q

Preconscious mind

A

Just under the surface

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7
Q

What does the preconscious mind contain?

A

Thoughts and feelings we might become aware of in dreams and slips of the tongue - parapraxes / Freudian slip

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8
Q

What is the personality

A

A tripartite

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9
Q

The Id

A

The primitive part of our personality which operates on the pleasure principle.

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10
Q

Which personality is present at birth?

A

The id - selfish - instant gratification

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11
Q

The ego

A

Works on the reality principle - the mediator between the the id and superego

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12
Q

What does the ego do?

A

Reduces conflict between the id and superego and employs defence mechanisms

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13
Q

What age does the ego dveelop?

A

Around age 2

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14
Q

The superego

A

Based on the morality principle

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15
Q

What does the superego represent?

A

moral standards of childrens same sex parent - punishes the ego for wrongdoing

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16
Q

What age does the supergo develop?

A

around 5

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17
Q

how many stages does child development occur in?

A

5

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18
Q

What are the 5 stages of child development?

A

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

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19
Q

What must a child do at each stage of the psychosexual stages?

A

The child must resolve the conflict of each stage to progress successfully to the next

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20
Q

What happens if a psychosexual stage is left unresolved?

A

Leads to fixation - child becomes ‘stuck’ and carries out certain behaviours and conflicts associated with that stage through adult life

21
Q

what age is the Oral Stage?

A

0 - 1

22
Q

What age is the anal stage?

A

1 - 3

23
Q

What age is the phallic stage?

A

3 - 6

24
Q

What age is the latency stage?

A

6 - 12

25
Q

What age is the genital stage?

A

12+

26
Q

What focus of libido is the anal stage?

A

Tongue, mouth, lips

27
Q

What focus of libido is the anal stage?

A

anus

28
Q

What focus of libido is the phallic stage?

A

genitals

29
Q

What focus of libido is the latency stage?

A

none

30
Q

What focus of libido is the genital stage?

A

genital

31
Q

What is the major development in the oral stage?

A

Weaning off of breast feeding or formula

32
Q

What is the major development in the anal stage?

A

Toilet training

33
Q

What is the major development in the phallic stage?

A

Resolving oedipus/ electra complex

34
Q

What is the major development in the latency stage?

A

Developing defence mechanisms

35
Q

What is the major development in the genital stage?

A

Reaching full sexual maturity

36
Q

Adult fixation example for oral stage

A

smoking, overeating

37
Q

Adult fixation example for anal stage

A

orderliness, messiness

38
Q

Adult fixation example for phallic stage

A

Deviancy, sexual dysfunction

39
Q

Adult fixation example for latency stage

A

None

40
Q

Adult fixation example for genital stage

A

If all stages completed successfully then the person should be sexually matured and mentally healthy

41
Q

What happens to boys during the phallic stage?

A

Boys develop incestuous feelings towards their mother and murderous hatred towards their fathers

42
Q

What do boys fear in the phallic stage?

A

Their fathers will castrate them

43
Q

How do boys resolve the conflict during the Oedipus complex?

A

Repress feelings for their mother and identify with their father taking on his gender roles and moral values

44
Q

What do girls experience in the phallic stage?

A

Penis envy

45
Q

What do girls desire in the phallic stage

A

Their father and hate their mother

46
Q

What happens over time to girls during the phallic stage?

A

They give up the desire for their father and replace desire for a penis with desire for a baby - identifying with their mother

47
Q

Strengths of the psychodynamic approach

A
  • Explanatory power - the psychodynamic approach has been used to explain a wide range of phenomena which gives the approach validity.
  • Practical application - Freud created psychoanalysis
48
Q

Psychodynamic limitations

A
  • Untestable concepts - Popper said that the psychodynamic approach = falsifiable - you cannot test the approach due to most of the approach said to take place in the subconscious.
  • Psychic determinism - No accidents, even freudian slips = driven by unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood - free will = an illusion

Approaches - Psychology Paper 2 (6 decks)

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