Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

what was freuds model of the mind?

Answer 1

conscious
pre conscious
unconscious

Question 2

what does the unconscious mind consist of?

Answer 2

superego and id

Question 3

what are the sections of the psyche?

Answer 3

id
ego
superego

Question 4

what are the defence mechanisms?

Answer 4

displacement
denial
repression
projection

Question 5

what is displacement?

Answer 5

when you redirect feelings onto something else

Question 6

what is denial?

Answer 6

completely rejecting the thought or feeling

Question 7

what is repression?

Answer 7

pushed into unconscious

Question 8

what is projection?

Answer 8

attributing your own socially unacceptable thought or feeling to someone else

Question 9

what did Gagnepain et al (2014) do?

Answer 9

looked at whether suppressing memories into the unconscious affects behaviour

concentrated on visual memories that sufferers of PTSD find most intrusive. participants were asked to learn pairs of words and pictures (e.g. ladders, rabbit and binoculars). the brain activity was measured through fMRI

found memory trace was weakened by suppression
the fMRI showed memories had been disrupted and behaviour may not be affected by suppressed memories as they can’t be recalled

Question 10

what is libido?

Answer 10

life instinct

main source of energy for life and is connected with survival and sexual reproduction

Question 11

what is thanatos?

Answer 11

the death instinct

a wish to return to Nirvana

those who have a strong death wish will push themselves to a state all their tensions will finally be relieved in death

Question 12

what are the psychosexual stages of development?

Answer 12

oral stage 
anal stage
phallic stage 
latency period
genital stage

Question 13

what is the oral stage?

Answer 13

0-18 months

the mouth is the main source of pleasure

successful completion of this stage is demonstrated by weaning - eating independently

Question 14

what does too much/little stimulation during the oral stage lead to?

Answer 14

oral fixation

Question 15

what does too little stimulation of the oral stage mean?

Answer 15

pessimism
smoking
eating and drinking too much

Question 16

what does too much stimulation of the oral stage mean?

Answer 16

easily fooled
high expectations
dependent on others

Question 17

what is the anal stage?

Answer 17

18 - 3 years

satisfaction gained from controlling the bowels

successful completion marked by potty training

Question 18

what does anally retentive mean?

Answer 18

tidy
stubborn
obsessive
perfectionist

Question 19

what does anally expulsion mean?

Answer 19

generous
messy
thoughtless

Question 20

what is the phallic stage?

Answer 20

most important stage

oedipus and electra complex

identify with same sex parent

3-5/6 years

superego develops

Question 21

what is the latency period?

Answer 21

5/6 years

time of consolidation
solving oedipus complex

learn roles which are expected of them

unsuccessful completion leads to being uncomfortable around opposite sex

Question 22

what is the genital stage?

Answer 22

12-18 years

sexual desires become conscious

strain/fixation leads to frustrations such as difficulty relating to opposite sex and being shy and immature

hormone levels alter

Question 23

what is little Hans case study?

Answer 23

fear of white horses
freud linked this to his father

he has oedipus complex and fantasied about his mother being the mother to his children

improved over several weeks- only scared of horses with black harnesses over their mouths - linked to his fathers moustache

wanted to be like his father

when he wasn’t allowed to sleep in his parents bed this caused unconscious tension between him and his father

Question 24

what does Old Age Pensioners Lose Glasses stand for?

Answer 24

oral
anal
phallic
latency
genital