Psychobiology - Brain anatomy

Question 1

Anatomical planes: What is transverse?

Answer 1

Looking at brain from above (top)

Question 2

Anatomical planes: What is coronal?

Answer 2

Looking at brain face on/from behind

Question 3

Anatomical planes: what is Sagittal?

Answer 3

Looking at brain side on

Question 4

Anatomy of inside the brain: Where is the ventral area?

Answer 4

Side of the brain

Question 5

Anatomy of inside the brain: Where is the dorsal area?

Answer 5

The back of the brain

Question 6

Anatomy of inside the brain: What does superior mean?

Answer 6

Upper

Question 7

Anatomy of inside the brain: What does inferior mean?

Answer 7

Lower

Question 8

Anatomy of inside the brain: what does posterior mean

Answer 8

to the back

Question 9

Anatomy of inside the brain: What does anterior mean?

Answer 9

to the front

Question 10

Anatomy of inside the brain: What does rostral mean?

Answer 10

Used when referring to animal brains.

Means nose / front, used instead of anterior

Question 11

Anatomy of inside the brain: What does caudal mean?

Answer 11

Used when referring to animal brains.

Means tail/bottom, used instead of posterior

Question 12

What are the cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 12

Left and right side of brain

Question 13

What are convolutions?

Answer 13

Folds you see on a brain

Question 14

What is the cortex?

Answer 14

Surface of the brain

Question 15

What are the outwards folds of the convolutions (folds of brain) called?

Answer 15

Gyri (plural)

Gyrus = (individual)

Question 16

What are the outward folds of the convolutions (folds of brain) separated by?

Answer 16

inward folds…
sulci (plural)
sulcus (individual)

down in a sulk

Question 17

Two types of matter in the brain. What is white matter?

Answer 17

Fiber tracts of the cells as they connect to each other. White because it contains Myelin in

Question 18

Two types of matter in the brain. What is grey matter?

Answer 18

cell bodies and the dendrites. No Myelin

Question 19

What is the function of neurons?

Answer 19

Detect information from the environment e.g. visual information

Allow us to move and act

Question 20

What are sensory neurons?

Answer 20

Information is coming IN to them from light, sound, taste, odour, touch

Question 21

What are motor neurons?

Answer 21

Information is going OUT in order to control muscle actions

Question 22

What are interneurons?

Answer 22

Relay and process information between other neurons . They also process info and make sure information is as useful as it can be when it gets to other end.

Question 23

What do dendrities do?

Answer 23

Receive information from other cells (e.g. sensory cells or other neurons)

Dendrities is greek word for ‘tree’

Question 24

What does the axon do?

Answer 24

Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons

Question 25

What are schwann cells?

Answer 25

They form the myelin sheath that protects the axon

Question 26

What are the axon terminals?

Answer 26

Forms junctions with other cells

Question 27

what is a soma?

Answer 27

cell body

Question 28

where are Axodendritic synapses found?

Answer 28

Axon to dendrite: | Where dendrites / axon terminals from two cells meet

Question 29

Where are axosomatic synapses found?

Answer 29

Axon to cell body (soma) of receiving neuron

Question 30

What are dendrodenditic synapses?

Answer 30

Where dendrites of two different neurons are in contact. Capable of transmission in either direction.

Question 31

What are axoaxonic synpases?

Answer 31

Axon to axon play a modulatory role (on/off)

Question 32

Cerebral cortex anatomy: What are the four lobes?

Answer 32

Frontal lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital lobe Temporal Lobe

Question 33

What is the frontal lobe responsible for ?

Answer 33

``` Frontal lobe. Front of brain -Decision making -creativity -impulse control -higher order functions ```

Question 34

What is the parietal lobe responsible for

Answer 34

this is the motor quarter lots of things here are integrated, so info coming in needs to be integrated with plans so we can create motor behaviours

Question 35

What is the occipital lobe for?

Answer 35

Vision

Question 36

What is the temporal lobe for

Answer 36

Interpreting facial expressions Hearing Smell Language