psychoactive Drugs & Addiction Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychoactive Drug

A

Is a chemical that changes our states of consciousness, and particularly our perception and moods

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2
Q

Agonist

A

Drug that binds to receptors in the brain and activate the receptors they bind to

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3
Q

Antagonists

A

Drugs that occupy receptors but do not activate them Antagonists block receptor activation by agonists

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4
Q

Blood Brain Barrier

A

The blood-brain barrier serves a filter, controlling which molecules can pass from the blood into the brain

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5
Q

Tolerance

A

Occurs when the body gets used to a medication so that either more medication is needed to give the desired effect, or a different medication is needed. Depending on the drug, tolerance can develop acutely, in a manner of days, or chronically, over a number of weeks or months

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6
Q

Physical dependence

A

Occurs when people suffer from withdrawal symptoms, unpleasant and sometimes dangerous reactions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of drug

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7
Q

Psychological Dependence

A

Cognitive and emotional aspects of addictive behaviors or the withdrawal process from drugs

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8
Q

Addiction

A

People who have a drug addiction sometimes experience compulsive, sometimes uncontrollable, craving for their drug of choice

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9
Q

Rat Park Addiction

A
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10
Q

Depressants

A

Slow the activity of the central nervous system. They reduce tension and inhibitions and may interfere with a person’s judgment, motor activity, and concentration

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11
Q

Alcohol

A

Any beverage containing ethyl alcohol including beer, wine, and liquor

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12
Q

Sedative Hypnotic Drugs

A

A drug used in low doses to reduce anxiety and in higher doses to help people sleep

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13
Q

Opiods

A

Opium or any of the drugs derived from opium, including morphine, heroin, and codeine

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14
Q

Barbiturates

A

Addictive sedative-hypnotic drugs that reduce anxiety and help people sleep

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15
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

The most common group of anti-anxiety drugs, which includes Valium and Xanax

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16
Q

Stimulantes

A

Substances that increase the activity of the central nervous system resulting in increased blood pressure and heart rate, more alertness, and sped-up behavior and thinking

17
Q

Caffeine

A

The world’s most widely used stimulant, most often consumed in coffee

18
Q

Amphetamines

A

A stimulant drug that is manufactured in a lab

19
Q

Methamphetamine

A

A powerful amphetamine drug, Illegal substance (crystal meth), super stimulant, effects, which can include eight hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria

20
Q

Cocaine

A

The most powerful natural stimulant known (central active ingredient of the coca plant, found in South America)

21
Q

Hallucinogens

A

A substance that causes powerful changes primarily in sensory perception, including strengthening perceptions and producing illusions and hallucinations. Is also called a Psychedelic drug

22
Q

LSD

A

Powerful synthetic hallucinogen drug; also known as acid

23
Q

Cannabis

A

Drugs produced from the variety of the hemp plant cannabis sativa. They cause a mixture of hallucinogenic, depressant, and stimulant effects. The higher the THC content, the more powerful the effects

24
Q

Biological Influences

A

Researchers have come to suspect that drug misuse may have biological causes

25
Q

Psychodynamic Views

A

Theorists believe that people with substance use disorders have powerful dependency needs that can be traced to their early years

26
Q

Sociocultural Influences

A

People are most likely to develop substance use disorders when they live under stressful socioeconomic conditions

27
Q

Behavioral Views

A

Operant conditioning may play a key role in substance use disorders. Temporary reduction of tension or raising of spirits produced by a drug has a rewarding effect, thus increasing the likelihood that the user will seek this reaction again

28
Q

Cognitive Views

A

Theorists agree that rewards eventually produce an expectancy that substance will be rewarding and this expectation helps motivate people to increase drug use at times of tension

29
Q

Withdrawal Day

A

24 hour period to feel the physiological effects of addiction and withdrawal