Psychiatry - Psychology Flashcards
What is classical conditioning?
A natural response is elicited by a conditioned or learned stimulus
What is operant conditioning?
Learning an action because it produces a reward
What is positive reinforcement?
Reward for action
What is negative reinforcement?
Aversive stimulus for action
What is punishment (psychology)?
repeated application of aversive stimulus extinguishes unwanted behavior
What is extinction (psychology)?
Discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior
What is transference?
patient projects feelings about important persons onto physicians
Patient unconsciously shifts his emotion for his parent to the doctor. What is this?
Transference
What is countertransference?
doctor projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto patient
Doctor shifts emotion of important person to patient. What is this?
Countertransference
Ego defense: Acting out
Unacceptable feelings/thoughts expressed through actions
Immature
Ego defense: Dissociation
Immature
temporary, drastic change in personality, memory, consciousness or motor behavior to avoid emotional stress
Ego defense: Denial
Immature
Avoidance of awareness of painful reality
Ego defense: Displacement
Immature
Avoided ideas and feelings transferred to some neutral person or object
Ego defense: Fixation
Remaining at more childish level of development
Ego defense: Identification
Modeling behavior after a more powerful person (not necessarily admired)
Ego defense: Isolation of affect
Separation of feelings from ideas and events
Ego defense: Projection
An unacceptable internal impulse attributed to external source
Ego defense: Rationalization
Immature
Proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons to avoid self blame
Ego defense: Reaction formation
Emphasis of opposite feeling
Ego defense: Regression
Turning back maturational clock
Ego defense: Repression
Involuntary withholding of idea/feeling from conscious awareness
Ego defense: Splitting
Belief that people are all good or bad - seen in borderline personality disorder
Ego defense: Altruism
Mature
Guilty feeling alleviated by generosity towards others
Ego defense: Humor
Appreciating amusing nature of anxiety-provoking or adverse situation
Ego defense: Sublimation
One replaces unacceptable wish with course of action similar to wish but does not conflict values
Ego defense: Suppression
Voluntary withholding of idea
