psychiatry drugs Flashcards
types of antidepressant drugs
- monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- monoamine reuptake inhibitors
- atypical
examples of monoamines
- dopamine
- noradrenaline
- 5-hydroxytryptophan
what is decreased in depression
monoamines
MOA of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
irreversible or reversible inhibitors of MOA-A and B
examples of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- phenelzine
- moclobemide
side effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- cheese reaction
- decrease other drug metabolism
- insomnia
- postural hypotension
- peripheral oedema
what is cheese reaction caused by monoamine oxidase inhibitor
aka hypertensive crisis
caused by inhibition of MOA-A in gut which prevents the breakdown of tyramine
what are the type of monoamine reuptake inhibitors
- tricyclics
- non selective reuptake inhibitor
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
- noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
MOA of tricyclic antidepressants
block the reuptake of monoamine into presynaptic terminal
examples of tricyclics
- imipramine
- dosulepin
- amitriptyline
- lofepramine
side effects of tricyclics
- blurry vision
- dry mouth
- constipation
- sedation
- weight gain
- postural hypotension
- tachycardia
- cardiotoxic in overdose
SSRI MOA
selectively inhibit reuptake of serotonin from synaptic cleft
examples of SSRI
- fluoxetine
- citalopram
- sertraline
SE of SSRI
- nausea
- headache
- worsened anxiety
- increase in self harm
- sweating
- sexual dysfunction
- hyponatraemia (elderly)
MOA OF NSRI
block reuptake of monoamines into presynaptic terminal
examples of NSRI
- duloxetine
- venlafaxine
example of dopamine uptake inhibitor
bupropion
side effect of lithium
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
what is first line antipsychotics
second generation
MOA of second generation antipsychotics
blocks more D1 receptors than D2
example of second generation antipsychotic
risperidone
olanzapine
clozapine
side effect of risperidone
hyperprolactinaemia
MOA of benzodiazepines
enhance GABA
examples of benzodiazepines
- lorazepam
- diazepam
- chlordiazepoxide
