Psychiatry Flashcards
1
Q
ADHD
A
Conservative
- Parent education involving young person
- Behavioural Therapy
- Psychoeducation
Medical
- Stimulant (methylphenidate or amphetamine) Noradrenaline release
2
Q
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A
In Children
- Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) to reinforce positive behaviours and dissuade negative
- Picture exchange communication
- Risperidone, aripiprazole fluoxetine, methylphenidate
Conservative
- Social skills training
- Family Support and Education
- Multidisciplinary Therapy (SALT, OT, Physio)
- CBT (repetition/obsession)
Medical
- Antipsychotics if aggressive (risperidone, aripiprazole)
- SSRI (sertraline) with obsession/repetition
3
Q
Bipolar
A
Acute Episode of Mania
- Agitation = Rapid Oral Antipsychotic (olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine) or BDZ (Lorazepam) –> IM
- Non-Agitation = Mood Stabiliser (Lithium) or Antipsychotic (risperidone or quetiapine)
Management
- Lithium and/or atypical antipsychotic
- Psychosocial intervention
- ECT
Lithium teratogenic
4
Q
Generalised Anxiety Disorder
A
Conservative
- CBT
- Relaxation
- Mindfulness
- Sleep Hygiene
- Exercise
- Self–help
Medical
- SSRI (sertraline)
- SNRI (duloxetine
- Atypical (Venlafaxine)
5
Q
PTSD
A
Conservative
- Active Monitoring
- Trauma Focused CBT
- Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)
Medical
- SSRI (Fluoxetine, Sertraline)
- Atypical (Venlafaxine)
6
Q
Schizophrenia
A
Conservative
- Early intervention team
- Community mental health team
- Crisis team
- Care Programme Approach (assess health and social, create plan, appoint first contact, review Tx)
- CBT
- Family Therapy
Medical
- Typical Antipsychotic (D2 receptor antagonist) Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine
- Atypical (selective D” + 5HT2 block) Olanzapine, risperidone, clozapine, amisulpride, quetiapine
7
Q
Delirium
A
A-E Assess Check Medication (12-39% cause) Assess Pain Level Look at Comorbidities Assess alcohol and drug use Assess Environmental Factors Treat any Underlying Causes
8
Q
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
A
Conservative
- Counselling and Support
- Individualised Exercise Programme
- MDT Rehab (mindfulness, sleep hygiene, OT, vestibular rehab
- CBT
Medical
- BDZ (clonazepam)
- SSRI (fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine)
- SNRI (duloxetine)
9
Q
Depression
A
Conservative
- Risk Assessment +- Hospitalisation
- Psychiatric Referral;
- Psychotherapy (CBT)
Medical
- Antidepressants (SSRI–> SNRI –> TCA –> ECT)
- BDZ
- Z drugs (Zolpidem, Zopiclone) for sleep
- Promethazine (anti-histamine) for sleep
10
Q
Alzheimer’s
A
Conservative
- Supportive Treatment
- Environmental Control
Medical
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors (mild to moderate) - Donepezil (rivastigmine, galantamine)
- NMDA receptor blocker Memantine (mod-severe)
- Antidepressants
- Antipsychotics
- Z drugs or BDZ
11
Q
Acute Stress Reaction
A
Conservative
- Counselling
- CBT
- Relaxation
- Image Exposure
- Mindfulness
- Cognitive Restructuring
Medical
- Prazosin (a-1-block) lessens SNS
- B-blockers for tachycardia
- BDZ for sleep
- Z drugs for sleep
12
Q
Anorexia Nervosa
A
Conservative
- Structured eating plan with oral nutrition
- Psychotherapy (group CBT)
- Inpatient Admission
- Behaviour Therapy
Medication
- Replace potassium, fluid, magnesium, calcium, sodium
- SSRI with depression OCD
- Oral, enteral, or parenteral feeding
Admission requirements
- weight at <75% expected
- very fast weight loss
- sig. bradycardia
- sig. hypotension
- hypothermia
- electrolyte disturbance
- hypoglycaemia
- psychiatric instability
- suicidality
13
Q
Bulimia Nervosa
A
Conservative
- CBT (1st)
- Nutritional and meal support
- Relaxation
- Mindfulness
- Refer to specialise or ED with suicidality, diabetes, LoC, syncope, seizure, pregnant
Medical (Adjunctive)
- SSRI (fluoxetine for binge, sertraline)
- SNRI (venlafaxine)
- Glycaemic control in DM
14
Q
Somatisation Disorder
A
Conservative
- CBT
- Mindfulness
- Re-attribution Training
- Graded Exercise
- Emotional awareness training
- Biofeedback Training
Medical
- SSRI: Venlafaxine
- SNRI: Duloxetine
- TCA: Amitriptyline
