Psychiatry Flashcards
1
Q
- delusions (mostly bizarre)
- disorganized speech/behavior
- hallucinations
A
positive symptoms
2
Q
- flattened affect
- social withdrawal
- anhedonia
- apathy
- poverty of thought
A
negative symptoms
3
Q
schizophrenia
A
more than 6 months
4
Q
schizophreniform d/o
A
more than 1 month, less than 6 months
5
Q
- occurs in the first week
- muscle spasms (e.g. torticollis)
- difficulty swallowing
A
acute dystonia
6
Q
- w/i weeks
- bradykinesia
- tremors
- rigidity
A
parkinson’s
7
Q
- weeks to chronic use
- motor restlessness
- do not mistake for anxiety or agitation
A
akathisia
8
Q
- months to years
- choreoathetosis
- often irreversible
A
tardive dyskinesia
9
Q
- anytime
- muscle rigidity
- hyperthermia
- volatile vital signs
- altered LOC
- increased WBC and CK
A
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
10
Q
normal psychological reaction to profound changes in person’s life (divorce, migration, birth of handicapped child)
A
adjustment d/o
11
Q
- brief attacks of intense anxiety w/ autonomic symptoms
- occur regularly
A
panic d/o
12
Q
treatment for adjustment d/o
A
COUNSELING
13
Q
treatment for panic d/o
A
cognitive-behavioral therapy and/or relaxation training and desensitization
14
Q
fear or avoidance of places d/t anxiety about not being able to escape
A
agoraphobia
15
Q
fear or avoidance of objects or situations
A
social anxiety d/o
16
Q
excessive, poorly controlled DAILY anxiety for more than 6 months
A
generalized anxiety d/o (GAD)
17
Q
- recurrent obsessions or compulsions
- individual recognizes that the behavior is unreasonable and excessive
A
obsessive-compulsive d/o (OCD)
18
Q
- severe anxiety symptoms that follow a life-threatening event
- symptoms less than 1 month w/i 1 month of stressor
A
acute stress d/o
19
Q
- severe anxiety symptoms that follow a life-threatening event
- symptoms last longer than 1 month
A
posttraumatic stress d/o (PTSD)
20
Q
- depressed mood, or anhedonia
- last at least 2 weeks
A
major depressive d/o
21
Q
- low-level depression symptoms
- present on most days for at least 2 years
A
dysthymic d/o
22
Q
depressive symptoms in the winter months
A
seasonal affective d/o
23
Q
- depression
- mania
- mixed symptoms for at least 1 week
A
BP d/o
24
Q
rapid cycling BP
A
more than 4 episodes of mania per year
25
management of acute mania
1. hospitalize
2. mood stabilizers
3. antipsychotics
4. phenothiazine IM depot (noncompliant, severely manic patients)
5. antidepressants ONLY in patients w/ recurrent episodes of depression
26
recurrent episodes of depressed mood and hypomanic mood for at least 2 years?
Tx:
- Cyclothymia
| - Psychotherapy 1st line; functioning is impaired = Divalproex
27
- elderly taking lithium
- renal failure
- hyponatremia
lithium toxicity
28
- recently started taking antipsychotics
- recently stopped levodopa
- high fever
- tachycardia
- muscle rigidity
- altered consciousness
- elevated CPK
- autonomic dysfunction
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
29
- h/o SSRI use AND use of triptans (migraine medication) or a MAOI
- agitation
- hyperreflexia
- hyperthermia
- muscle rigidity w/ volume contraction
serotonin syndrome
30
- acute HTN
| - h/o MAOI use and either antihistamines, nasal decongestants, or tyramine-rich foods
MAOI-induced hypertensive crisis
31
one or more neurologic symptom(s) that CANNOT be explained by any medical or neurological d/o
conversion d/o
32
- see many doctors
- visit many hospitals
- large amount of medical knowledge
factitious d/o
33
signs and symptoms faked by another person
factitious d/o by proxy
34
- when there's obvious gain from feigned symptoms
| - preoccupied w/ rewards or gain
malingering
35
- distrust and suspiciousness
- often confused w/ paranoid schizophrenia
- main defense mechanism is projection
paranoid PD
36
- detachment and restricted emotionally
| - main defense mechanism is projection
schizoid PD
37
- discomfort w/ social relationships, thought distortion, eccentricity
- symptoms aren't severe enough for classification of schizophrenia
schizotypal PD
38
- colorful, exaggerated behavior and excitable, shallow expression of emotions
- use of physical appearance to draw attention to self
- sexually seductive
histrionic PD
39
- unstable affect, mood swings, marked impulsivity, unstable relationships, recurrent suicidal behaviors, chronic feelings of emptiness, identity disturbance, and inappropriate anger
- main defense mechanism is splitting
borderline PD
40
- criminal acts
- inability to conform to social rules
- disregard for the rights of others
- aggressiveness
antisocial PD
41
- sense of self-importance, grandiosity, and preoccupation with fantasies of success
narcissistic PD
42
- social inhibition
- feelings of inadequacy
- hypersensitivity to criticism
avoidant PD
43
submissive and clinging behavior related to a need to be taken care of
dependent PD
44
- individuals are preoccupied w/ orderliness, perfectionism, and control
- differentiated from obsessive-compulsive d/o
obsessive-compulsive PD
45
frequent use of alcohol resulting in tolerance and physical and psychological dependence
alcohol dependence
46
when episodes of alcohol use result in failure to fulfill obligations, craving or strong urge to use a substance, or exposure to physically dangerous situations
alcohol abuse
47
onset after last drink if: minor withdrawal symptoms
6 hours
48
onset after last drink if: alcoholic hallucinosis
12-24 hours
49
onset after last drink if: withdrawal seizure
48 hours
50
onset after last drink if: delirium tremens
48-96 hours
51
substance of abuse
- talkative
- sullen
- gregarious
- moody
alcohol
52
substance of abuse
- euphoria
- hypervigilance
- autonomic hyperactivity
- weight loss
- pupil dilation
- disturbed perception
- stroke
- MI
- amphetamines
| - cocaine
53
substance of abuse
- impaired motor coordination
- impaired time perception
- increased appetite
- dry mouth
- conjunctival redness
cannabis
54
substance of abuse
- hallucinations
- impaired judgement
- pupil dilation
- panic
- tremors
- incoordination
hallucinogens (e.g. LSD)
55
substance of abuse
- belligerence
- apathy
- assaultiveness
- blurred vision
- stupor
- coma
inhalants
56
substance of abuse
- apathy
- dysphoria
- constricted pupils
- drowsiness
- slurred speech
- impaired memory
- coma
- death
opiates
57
substance of abuse
- panic reactions
- assaultiveness
- agitation
- NYSTAGMUS
- HTN
- seizures
- coma
- hyperacusis
PCP
58
substance of abuse
- inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior
- impaired memory or concentration
barbiturates/benzodiazepines
