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Final Year > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Formal Thought disorders (7)

A 
Circumstantial speech
Tangential speech
Flight of ideas
Loosening of association ( knight's move)
Neologisms/Metonyms
Thought blocking 
Perserveration/ echolalia
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2
Q

Define Circumstantial speech

A

(round the houses) excessive detail, digressions, but eventually gets to the point

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3
Q

Define Tangential speech

A

multiple digressions, never gets to the point

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4
Q

Define flight of ideas

A

rapid sequence of related concepts

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5
Q

Define Loosening of association

A

rapid sequence of unrelated concepts

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6
Q

What is a Knights move

A

Presentation of unrelated concepts but may actually have a link that wasn’t presented

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7
Q

Define: Neologism and Metonyms

A

New words

New meanings for words

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8
Q

What happens in Thought blocking

A

Sudden cessation esp. mid sentence, no recall, then digress

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9
Q

What happens in perseveration

A

continuous repetition of word or phrase

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10
Q

Term for parroting speech

A

echolalia

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11
Q

Term for when there is a preoccupation with plausible belief causing distress

A

Overvalued idea

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12
Q

Define Delusion

A

fixed false belief not inline with patient’s cultural or religious beliefs; may be mood-congruent or bizarre

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13
Q

Types of Delusion (11)

A 
Primary or secondary
Grandiose
Persecutory
Reference
Erotomania (de Clerambault's)
Infidelity (Othello's)
Misidentification
Nihilistic
Hypochondriacal (somatic)
Infestation (Ekobm's)
Control
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14
Q

Define Primary & Secondary delusion

A

Primary- spontaneous

Secondary- related to existing mental illness

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15
Q

Define Grandiose delusion

A

exaggerated self-importance e.g. god, messiah, superpowers

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16
Q

Define persecutory delusion

A

others wish to dethrone / besmirch / harm / cheat the patient

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17
Q

Define Reference delusions

A

phenomena have intense personal significance

18
Q

Define erotomania delusion

Bonus: alt name

A

high-status person is in love with patient

de Clérambault’s

19
Q

Define Infidelity delusion

Bonus: alt name

A

high-status person is in love with patient

Othello’s

20
Q

Define misidentification delusion

Two Types

A

Capgras (familiar is impostor)

Fregoli (stranger is familiar)

21
Q

Define Nihilistic delusion

A

the patient / others / the world is dead / non-existent

22
Q

Define Hyochondrial delusion

A

concerning patient’s body e.g. organs rotting

23
Q

Define delusional parasitosis

Bonus: alt name

A

belief they are infested with parasites, insects, or bugs, associated with formication
Ekbom’s

24
Q

Define control delusion

A

thought insertion, withdrawal, broadcasting

25
Q

What is a Hallucination

A

perception in the absence of external sensory stimuli

26
Q

Types of Hallucintation

A

Auditory: elementary (noise), complex (thought narration / echo, command, dialogue)
Visual: usually in organic brain disease, substance misuse, Charles-Bonnet
Hypnagogic: before sleep
Hypnopompic: after waking

27
Q

Define Pseudo-hallucination

A

perceptual experience subjectively arising from within the mind (PTSD)

28
Q

Illusions are the

A

misperception / distortion of external sensory stimuli

29
Q

How should you administer rapid tranquilisation

A

lorazepam (PO / IM) - alone if non-psychotic, with olanzapine if psychotic, consider haloperidol (with antimuscarinic procyclidine if IV)

30
Q

Complications of Rapid Tranquilisation

A

LOC, airway obstruction, respiratory / cardiac arrest, seizure, EPSEs

31
Q

List the Anxiety disorders

A

Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Post traumatic distress disorder

32
Q

GAD summary

A

chronic continuous (non-situational) anxiety / worry, symptoms for >6 months, patient recognises anxiety is excessive but difficult to control

33
Q

GAD symptoms

A

restlessness, easy fatigue, impaired concentration, irritability, muscle tension

34
Q

What should you ask when discerning Auditory Hallucinations (12)

A

Do you ever hear noises or voices when there is nobody else there?

Are the voices like you hear mine right now?

Can you hear them in your ears, or are they in your mind?

How many voices are there?

Do you recognise the voices?

What do they say?

Do they tell you to do things? (Do you obey?)

Do they tend to comment on what you are doing/thinking?

Are they present all the time?

Does anything make them better/worse?

Do you ever find yourself having a conversation with them?

Do you smell or see anything at the same time that you hear these voices?

35
Q

First Frank symptoms

A

Auditory hallucinations

Thought withdrawal, insertion and interruption

Thought broadcasting

Somatic hallucinations

Delusional perception

Passivity

36
Q

What should you ask to identify Thought interruption?

A

Do you feel able to think clearly?

Do you ever experience your thoughts suddenly stopping as though there were no thoughts left?

What is it like? How do you explain it?

37
Q

What should you ask to identify Thought withdrawal?

A

Is there anything like hypnosis or telepathy going on?

Is there anyone or anything taking thoughts out of your head?

38
Q

What should you ask to identify Thought insertion?

A

Are your thoughts your own?

Is there anyone/anything putting thoughts into your head that you know are not your own?

How do you know they aren’t yours? Where do they come from?

39
Q

What should you ask to identify Thought broadcasting?

A

Can anyone hear your thoughts? For example, can I hear what you are thinking right now?

Do you ever hear your own thoughts echoed or repeated?

40
Q

What should you ask to identify Somatic hallucinations?

A

Do you ever feel that someone or something is touching you when there is nobody there?

Do you ever think there are insects crawling about inside your body?

41
Q

How would you explore delusional perceptions

A

Do you ever feel that somebody or something is paying particular attention to you and what you are doing?

When you watch the television/listen to the radio/hear something, do you feel that the stories are referring to you or something that you have done?

42
Q

How should you explore Passivity?

A

Do you ever feel as though you are being controlled by someone or something?

Do you ever think that someone or somebody is controlling you?

Are your thoughts/mood/actions under your control or is someone forcing you to behave in this way?

Final Year (2 decks)

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