Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Most accurate test for alcohol in system

A

Blood or urine test

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2
Q

How long does cocaine stay in urine

A

2-4 days

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3
Q

How long does amphetamine stay in urine

A

1-3 days

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4
Q

How long does pcp stay in urine

A

4-7 days

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5
Q

What is also increased in people who take pcp

A

CPK and AST

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6
Q

How long does opioids stay in urine

A

1-3 days

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7
Q

What two opioids are not detected on regular screen

A

Methadone and oxycodon

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8
Q

Alcohol frigates what neurotransmitters

A

Gaba
Serotonin
Dopamine

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9
Q

Effects of alcohol intoxication

A
Decreased fine motor control 
Impaired judgment and coordination
Poor balance
Lethargy
Coma (new drinker)
Respiratory depression
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10
Q

Alcohol withdrawal symptoms

A
Beigin 6-24hr
Irritability
Tremor
Diaphiresis
HTN
tachycardia 
Tonic clinic seizures 
Delirium tremens
Hallucinations
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11
Q

Treatment for alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

  • lorazepam
  • diazepam
  • chlordiazepoxide
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12
Q

Two drugs that treat mild alcohol withdrawal

A

Valproic acid

Carbamazepine

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13
Q

what is the opioid receptor blocker that works by decreasing the craving associated with alcohol

A

naltrexone

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14
Q

what is the med that should be started before detoxification of alcohol to prevent relapse

A

Acamprosate (Campral)

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15
Q

what is the anticonvulsant that inhibits glutamate receptors and potentiates GABA, reduces alcohol cravigins

A

topiramate

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16
Q

cocaine blocks the reuptake of?

A

DA
epi
NE

causes stimulation effect

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17
Q

severe agitation seen in cocaine users treat with

A

haloperidol

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18
Q

for mild to moderate agitation seen in cocaine users treat with

A

benzodiazepines

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19
Q

cocaine withdrawl symptoms present how

A

depression “crash” everything is slowed and the pupils are constricted

20
Q

amphetamines facilitate the release of

21
Q

heavy use of amphetamines can mimic what disease

A

schizophrenia

22
Q

when you combine amphetamine with SSRI what can happen

A

serotonin syndrome

23
Q

amphetamine withdrawal can lead to

A

prolonged depression

24
Q

amphetamine overdose can cause

A

hyperthermia, rhabdo, and renal failure

25
PCP antagonizes what receptor? and activates what neurons
NMDA | dopamine
26
overdose of PCP can cause
seizures, delirium, coma and death
27
rotator nystagmus is a good sign of PCP intoxication
PCP intoxication
28
what is the one opioid that causes pupil dilation
meperidine
29
opioid withdrawal shows
``` lacrimation yawning weakness rhinorrhea piloerection dialated pupil abd cramps arthralgia ```
30
what does EEG show in delirium
generalized slowing
31
what does EEG show in alcohol or sedative hypnotic withdrawal delirium
fast low voltage activity
32
what does EEG show in hepatic encephalopathy
triphasic delta waves
33
what drugs treat acute dystonia
benztropine (dozentin) and benadrly
34
what treats the EPS akathisia (restlessness, can't sit still)
BB (propranolol) or benzodiazepine (Lorazepam)
35
what treats EPS parkinsonism
Benztropine (Cogentin) or Amantidine
36
what treats Tardive Dyskinesia an EPS
clozapine MAY help..
37
what is a second generation antipsychotic that has dopamine receptor antagonist activities and is the most likely out of the atypical antipsychotics to cause EPS
Risperidone
38
main risk with clozapine so this is why people don't use it till it is the last resort
agranulocytosis
39
treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome
dantrolene or bromocriptine
40
cyproheptaideine is used to treat
serotonin syndrome it is a 5HT antagonist
41
what is used to achieve a rapid response in depressed geriatric patients who refuse to eat or drink
electroconvulsive therapy
42
1st line treatment for MDD with psychotic features
ECT
43
what is a wakefulness promoting agent used to treat narcolepsy
modafinil
44
what two drugs treat ADHD
methylphenidate and atomoxetine
45
sedating agent that can also increase appetite
mirtazipine