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Psychiatric Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

A

Clozaril, Risperidal, Seroquel, Zyprexa, Abilify, Geodon, Invega, Latuda, Saphris, Fanapt

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2
Q

Anti-Manic & Mood Stabilizing Drugs

A

Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Tegretol, Trileptal

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3
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants

A

Anfranil, Elavil, Norpramin, Pamelor, Sinequan, Tofranil,Vivactil

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4
Q

SSRIs

A

Prozac, Paxil, Celexa, Zoloft, Luvox, Lexapro, St. John’s Wort

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5
Q

MAOIs

A

Marplan, Nardil, Parnate, EMSAM-Patch

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6
Q

SNRI

A

Effexor, Pristiq, Cymbalta

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7
Q

Benzodiazepines/ Anxiolytics

A

Ativan, Klonopin, Librium, Tranxene, Valium, Xanax

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8
Q

other compounds

A

Wellbutrin

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9
Q

Typical Antipsychotics

A

Haldol, Mellaril, Prolixin, Stelazine, Thorazine, Moban, Loxitane, Serentil, Trilafon,

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10
Q

EPS Side Effect Treatment Agents

A

Artane, Benadryl, Cogentin, Symmetrel

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11
Q

Non-Benzodiazepine- Anxiolytics

A

Buspar, Inderal, Kava-Kava, Vistaril

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12
Q

Hypnotics & Herbals

A

Ambien, Desyrel, Lunesta, Melatonin, Restoril, Valerian, Sonata, Rozerem

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13
Q

Substance Abuse Related Drugs

A

Antabuse, Campral, Catapress, Methadone, Suboxone, Topamax

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14
Q

CNS Stimulants- ADHD Treatment

A

Adderall, Focalin, Ritalin, Strattera, Vyvanse

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15
Q

Nursing Interventions for Atypical Antipsychotics

A

Blood Pressure Checks, BMI measurements, blood glucose, lipids, monitor for hyperglycemia, assess for sedation or hypotension

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16
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics Side Effects

A

risk of metabolic syndrome, increased weight, blood glucose, triglycerides, hypotension, sedation, dizziness

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17
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants Side Effects

A

dizziness, drowsiness, diarrhea, dry mouth, urinary retention, and orthostatic hypotension serious adverse reactions are paralytic ileus, acute renal failure, hypertension, and hypertensive crisis, depending on the specific product.

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18
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants Nursing Interventions

A

Blood Pressure, pulse, Monitor laboratory studies, weight increase, appetite increase, mental status, mood, sensorium, affect, suicidal tendencies,Urinary retention, constipation

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19
Q

Which medication is indicated for Parkinson’s dementia (mild to moderate)

A

Rivastigime

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20
Q

Which medication is FDA indicated for Parkinson’s disease psychosis?

A

Pimavanserin (Nuplazid)

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21
Q

What is the MOST effective treatment for Parkinson’s?

A

Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)

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22
Q

What is an unpleasant side effect of amantadine (Symmetrel)?

A

Confusion/memory problems

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23
Q

What two neurotransmitters are regulated in Parkinson’s disease with anitcholinergics?

A

Dopamine and Acetylcholine

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24
Q

Which medication can be used in all stages of Alzeheimer’s

A

Donepezil (Aricept)

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25
Should galantamine (Razadyne) be used with renal impairment?
Should be used with caution in those with renal and hepatic impairment.
26
What is the MOA of memantine (Namenda)
NMDA glutamate receptor
27
What is the Aricept/Namenda combination medication
Namzaric
28
Are there any FDA approved medications for dementia related behavioral distrubances?
No, everything is off-label.
29
What test is required prior to starting Nuedexta?
ECG
30
Which medication is FDA approved for anorexia nervosa
No FDA medication approved; can use SSRIs and antipsychotics off label for the treatment of comorbid depression/anxiety/mood
31
Which medication is FDA approved for bulimia
Fluoxetine (Prozac) 60-80mg daily
32
Which medication is FDA approved for binge eating disorder?
Lisadexamfetamine (Vyvanse).
33
Can you use Vyvanse in those with hyperthyroidism?
No, contraindicated in hyperthyroidism and glaucoma
34
What two medications are used for alcohol abstinence
acomprosate (Campral) and disulfiram (Antabuse)
35
How long should a client be abstinent of alcohol before starting disulfiram (antabuse)?
at least 12 hours from last drink
36
Should a person with ESRD be prescribed acomprosate (Campral)
No, this medication is contraindicated in renal impairment
37
What two medications are used for etoh dependence?
Nalmefene (Selincro) and Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
38
What two class of medications are used for etoh withdrawal?
Benzodiazepines and alpha 2 agonist
39
What can happen when methadone (Dolophine) is mixed with other CNS depressants?
Death
40
What medical issues are contraindicated with methadone (Dolophine) use?
Respiratory depression, acute or severe bronchial asthma, gastrointestinal obstruction including a paralytic ileus
41
What is the MOA of buprenorphine (Suboxone)?
Suboxone is an opioid partial agonist that binds to opiate receptors, preventing exogenous opioids from binding.
42
How long must a client be clean before starting naltrexone (Vivitrol)?
The client must be opioid free for 7-10 days before starting treatment and must be confirmed by drug screens
43
What are all the forms of NRT?
Gum, Patch, Nasal Spray, and Inhaler.
44
What part of the brain is thought to be involved with ADHD?
Prefrontal Cortex
45
Which neurotransmitters are involved with ADHD?
Dopamine and norepinephrine
46
What measure tools are used in diagnosing ADHD?
Connors and Vanderbilt
47
What are the types of ADHD?
Combined, predominately inattentive, and predominately hyperactive-impulsive
48
Symptoms of impulsivity appear to involve which area of the brain?
Orbitofrontal cortex
49
What is the mechanism of actions of stimulants?
Increasing norepinephrine and dopamine by blocking reuptake
50
What part of family medical history is extremely important before prescribing stimulants?
Cardiac disease history
51
What medical condition is contraindicated with stimulant use?
Glaucoma
52
What can delay peak action of stimulants for 2-3 hours?
Taking the stimulant dose with food
53
What test and vitals are important to monitor with stimulants
ECG, BP, height, weight
54
What medical conditions are amphetamine used in caution with?
Hepatic and cardiac impairments
55
Which medication condition is contraindicated with use of Vyvanse?
Hyperthyroidism
56
What labs should be monitored periodically with Vyvanse?
CBC, platelets, and LFTs
57
People that lose their appetite for dinner may benefit from which two stimulant options?
Metadate CD and Ritalin LA
58
What is a rare side effect of methylphenidates?
Priapism
59
Which SNRI is FDA approved for ADHD ages 6 and older?
Straterra
60
How long can it take for Strattera to be effective?
2-3 months
61
What is the MOA of clonidine?
Alpha 2 agonist but also norepinephrine receptor agonist
62
Which enzyme metabolizes guanfacine?
CYP450 3A4
63
Which antipsychotic is FDA indicated for Autism related irritability ages 5-16?
Risperdal
64
What is designed to provide guidelines in prescribing high risk medications in the elderly?
Beers criteria
65
How does a practitioner decide on medications in pregnancy?
Risk vs benefit discussion
66
What is recommended to supplement with Lamictal if taken when pregnant?
Extra folic acid
67
What is lithium levels so important to monitor frequently in pregnancy?
Due to fluid shifts
68
What the “D”s in the D approach in deprescribing?
Diagnosis, dangerous, dosages, duplicate, deficient, desire, and duration
69
Which SSRI is FDA indicated for bulimia nervosa?
fluoxetine (Prozac)
70
Which two SSRIs are FDA approved for treating children with MDD?
i. Escitalopram (Lexapro) 12 and up, ii. Fluoxetine (Prozac) 8 and up
71
Which SSRI is not FDA approved for MDD or depression?
Fluvoxamine (Luvox) (OCD)
72
Which SSRI should be dosed at night due to sedation?
Paroxetine (Paxil), long 1/2 life life
73
Which SSRIs are FDA indicated for PMDD? There are 3 of them.
i. Fluoxetine (Prozac), ii. Paroxetine (Paxil), and iii. Sertraline (Zoloft)
74
Which enzyme does Duloxetine (Cymbalta) inhibit? And can you remember from week one what other substance inhibits this exact enzyme.
CYP450 1A2 and the substance is cigarettes (nicotine)
75
Which SNRI is indicated for MDD and neuropathic pain?
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
76
What OTC medication can reduce clearance of Venlafaxine (Effexor)?
Cimetidine (Tagamet HB)
77
What vital signs should be assessed before initation of Levomilnacipran (Fetzima)?
i. Heart rate and ii. blood pressure
78
Which SNRI is not FDA indicated for mental illness disorders?
Milnacipran (Savella)
79
Which antidepressant is contraindicated with epilepsy or eating disorders?
Buproprion (Wellbutrin)
80
Which class of antidepressants are known for a three ring structure?
TCA’s
81
What is the biggest concern with prescribing TCA’s to a suicidal client?
Overdose, this should be not given to a suicidal client if you can avoid, but if necessary, no more than a weeks supply should be considered; only takes 7x normal dose for OD; bicarbonate is needed to reverse
82
What ingredient in food should be avoided in those taking a MAOI?
Tyramine
83
Which OTC class of medications should be avoided with MAOIs?
Cold medicines
84
Which pain medication can increase risk for seizures in those taking antidepressants?
Tramadol (Ultram)
85
Which populations require a lower recommended starting dose of antidepressants?
i. Elderly and ii. children
86
What is the black box warning for antidepressants?
May increase risk of suicidality, especially in young adults
87
What are symptoms of serotonin syndrome?
i. Shivering, ii. Hyper-reflexia/ myoclonus iii. Increased temperatures, iv. Vital sign instability, v. Encephalopathy/altered LOC, vi. Restlessness, vii. Sweating
88
How many days must the client wait after discontinuation of a MAOI before starting a SSRI?
14 days
89
What labs are necessary prior to starting Carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
i. CBC, ii. LFTs, iii. kidney and iv. thyroid function.
90
If taking Lamotrigine (Lamictal) what is the most deadly side effect? And how many days can a patient miss before starting back at initial dosing?
i. Stevens Johnson Syndrome. ii. 5 days or more must restart at initial dosing.
91
What is the therapeutic range for lithium?
0.6-1.2mEq/L
92
What are symptoms of severe lithium toxicity?
i. Hyperthermia, ii. hypotension, iii. seizures, iv. renal failure, v. coma, vi. death
93
What is the therapeutic range for Valproate (Depakote)?
50-125ug/mL
94
Which neurotransmitter is directly related to Alzheimer's and impaired memory?
Acetylcholine
95
Which amino acid has excitatory properties, and an increase presents as bipolar affective disorder?
Glutamate
96
Which neurotransmitter reduces arousal, aggression, and anxiety?
GABA
97
Which neurotransmitter is related to extrapyramidal side effects and prolactin dysregulation?
Dopamine
98
Which neurotransmitter is related to depression and anxiety and is found in the brain as well as the GI system?
Serotonin
99
What is the outermost layer of the cerebrum?
Cerebral Cortex
100
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum
101
What is the newest identified lobe of the brain?
Insula
102
Wrinkled ball of tissue that helps coordinate movement?
Cerebellum
103
Name the three parts of the brainstem
i. Midbrain, ii. medulla oblongata, and iii. pons
104
Thinking, planning, organizing, problems solving, and short-term memory are in which lobe?
Frontal
105
Temperature, taste, touch, and movement are process in which lobe of the brain?
Parietal
106
Which brain lobe process primarily vision and has been linked to visual hallucinations?
Occipital
107
Which lobe of the brain processes memories, integrating them with sensations of taste, sound, sight, and touch?
Temporal
108
Which lobe of the brain is associated with conscious desires and decodes bodily states?
Insula
109
Which lobe of the brain is associated with conscious desires and decodes bodily states?
Insula
110
What structure processes all incoming information except for smell?
Thalamus “Hal”.
111
What structure processes all incoming information except for smell?
Thalamus “Hal”.

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